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Thermal performance and dynamic response assessment of an industrial molten salts based power-to-heat system
KTH, Skolan för industriell teknik och management (ITM), Energiteknik, Kraft- och värmeteknologi.ORCID-id: 0000-0003-4932-7103
KYOTO Group AS, 1366 Lysaker, Norway.
KYOTO Group AS, 1366 Lysaker, Norway.
KYOTO Group AS, 1366 Lysaker, Norway.
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2025 (Engelska)Ingår i: Energy Conversion and Management, ISSN 0196-8904, E-ISSN 1879-2227, Vol. 342, artikel-id 120131Artikel i tidskrift (Refereegranskat) Published
Abstract [en]

Flexible power-to-heat systems that incorporate thermal energy storage are key technologies to decarbonize industry. This study examines the thermal and dynamic performance of a power-to-heat MW-scale pilot plant that integrates molten salt electric heating and thermal energy storage to generate steam on demand. Operational data collected under nearly design and off-design conditions are discussed. The dynamic performance of the electric heater unit is also assessed and presented in detail, including time constants and ramping up efficiencies. The results confirm the ability of the system to deliver reliable heat on demand whilst simultaneously being able to provide grid-flexibility. Round-trip thermal efficiencies above 94 % were obtained when operating near design conditions. Thermal losses of approximately 0.5 and 2.3 °C/h were recorded for the cold and hot tanks respectively during standstill periods. Thermal losses are negatively affected by the small scale of the investigated facility and should be expected to decrease inversely proportional to the anticipated increase in size of tanks in full scale commercial installations. The ability of the electric heater to ramp up its electric power consumption from 0 to 5 MWe in 5 s is demonstrated, showing the capacity of the system of participating in frequency regulation markets. The electric heater is characterized by thermal time constants below 500 s and ramping up thermal efficiency of 80 %. This work provides the ground for performance validation of molten salt based flexible power-to-heat systems, reaffirming their potential as industry heat decarbonization assets, and highlighting opportunities for improvement.

Ort, förlag, år, upplaga, sidor
Elsevier BV , 2025. Vol. 342, artikel-id 120131
Nyckelord [en]
Thermal Enenrgy Storage, Power to Heat, Molten salts, Electric Heater, Dynamic performance
Nationell ämneskategori
Energiteknik
Forskningsämne
Energiteknik
Identifikatorer
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-367127DOI: 10.1016/j.enconman.2025.120131ISI: 001527977200004Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105009621006OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-367127DiVA, id: diva2:1984132
Forskningsfinansiär
EU, Horisont Europa, 101136000EU, Horisont Europa, 101147078
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QC 20250718

Tillgänglig från: 2025-07-15 Skapad: 2025-07-15 Senast uppdaterad: 2025-12-08Bibliografiskt granskad

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Trevisan, SilviaGuédez, Rafael

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