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Peripheral refraction and higher order aberrations
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1741-5096
Johnson & Johnson Vis, R&D, Groningen, Netherlands..
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Biomedical and X-ray Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4894-7944
2020 (English)In: Clinical and experimental optometry, ISSN 0816-4622, E-ISSN 1444-0938, Vol. 103, no 1, p. 86-94Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Peripheral image quality influences several aspects of human vision. Apart from off-axis visual functions, the manipulation of peripheral optical errors is widely used in myopia control interventions. This, together with recent technological advancements enabling the measurement of peripheral errors, has inspired many studies concerning off-axis optical aberrations. However, direct comparison between these studies is often not straightforward. To enable between-study comparisons and to summarise the current state of knowledge, this review presents population data analysed using a consistent approach from 16 studies on peripheral ocular optical quality (in total over 2,400 eyes). The presented data include refractive errors and higher order monochromatic aberrations expressed as Zernike co-efficients (reported in a subset of the studies) over the horizontal visual field. Additionally, modulation transfer functions, describing the monochromatic image quality, are calculated using individual wavefront data from three studies. The analysed data show that optical errors increase with increasing eccentricity as expected from theoretical modelling. Compared to emmetropes, myopes tend to have more hypermetropic relative peripheral refraction over the horizontal field and worse image quality in the near-periphery of the nasal visual field. The modulation transfer functions depend considerably on pupil shape (for angles larger than 30 degrees) and to some extent, the number of Zernike terms included. Moreover, modulation transfer functions calculated from the average Zernike co-efficients of a cohort are artificially inflated compared to the average of individual modulation transfer functions from the same cohort. The data collated in this review are important for the design of ocular corrections and the development and assessment of optical eye models.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Wiley , 2020. Vol. 103, no 1, p. 86-94
Keywords [en]
myopia, ocular modulation transfer function, peripheral higher order aberrations, peripheral refraction, retinal image quality
National Category
Ophthalmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-256250DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12943ISI: 000478833400001PubMedID: 31382321Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85070724740OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-256250DiVA, id: diva2:1364816
Note

QC 20191022

Available from: 2019-10-22 Created: 2019-10-22 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Peripheral Optics of the Human Eye:Applied Wavefront Analysis
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Peripheral Optics of the Human Eye:Applied Wavefront Analysis
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [sv]

I denna avhandling används vågfrontsanalys för att studera ögats perifera optik med betoning på dess betydelse för utvecklingen av närsynthet (myopi). Syftet är att hitta egenskaper i den perifera bildkvalitén som skulle kunna användas av ögat för att reglera dess tillväxt. Avhandlingsarbetet består av följande delar: • Litteraturgenomgång och analys av populationsdata på det oackommoderade ögats perifera optik över det horisontella synfältet (artikel B). Denna översiktsartikel beskriver en metod för att analysera perifer vågfrontsdata och presentera sammanställd data för olika grupper: (a) populationsmedelvärden, (b) närsynta och (c) rättsynta. • Utveckling av en ny typ av vågfrontssensor med öppet synfält och dubbla kanaler (artikel D). Detta instrument möjliggör tidsupplösta och simultana mätningar av de centrala och perifera vågfrontsfelen i realtid med ett öppet binokulärt synfält. • Undersökning av den optiska kvalitén i närsynta och rättsynta ögon vid olika ackommodationsnivåer (artikel F). Det unika i detta arbete är att ögats ackommodationstillstånd följs i realtid vilket ger utökade möjligheter till noggrann analys av både dynamik och medelvärden hos den centrala och perifera optiska kvalitén. • Användning av vågfrontsanalys för att klargöra optikens betydelse för olika perifera synkvalitéer, så som synskärpa och kontrastkänslighet (artikel A, C, E). Resultaten av dessa studier visar på fördelen med binokulärt synfält och simultana centrala mätningar när perifera aberrationer undersöks vid ackommodation. Den relativa perifera refraktionen blir mer negativ med ökande ackommodation för de närsynta ögonen, medan förändringarna i de rättsynta ögonen är små. Den totala perifera optiska kvalitén var dock likartad för både närsynta och rättsynta och varierade knappt mellan avlägsna och närliggande objekt. Mätningarna indikerar även att ögats ackommodationsnivå inte är den huvudsakliga orsaken till storleken på mikrofluktuationer i ackommodationen. Oberoende av centralt brytningsfel, visade det sig att perifer lågkontrastsyn förbättras med korrektion av monokromatiska aberrationer, men att effekten av kromatiska aberrationer är försumbar. Slutligen visar studierna att multifokala kontaktlinser som utformats för att bromsa närsynthet, MiSight® , försämrar synfunktionen både vad gäller ackommodation och perifer lågkontrastresolution.

Abstract [en]

This thesis is dedicated to implementing wavefront analysis for studying the peripheral optics of the human eye with an emphasis on its relation to myopia. The aim is to find properties in the peripheral image quality. The work consists of the following main parts: • Literature review and analysis of population data on ocular aberrations of the relaxed eye over the horizontal visual field (Paper B). This paper recommends a method for the peripheral wavefront analysis and presents data for different groups of people: (a) population average, (b) myopic, and (c) emmetropic subjects. • Development of a novel, dual-angle, open field wavefront sensor (Paper D). The device enables recording of real-time, simultaneous fovealperipheral wavefront measurements, while providing a binocular open field of view. • Studying optical quality for myopic and emmetropic subjects under different accommodation demands (Paper F). The novelty of this work is the real-time accommodation state tracking, allowing a more accurate data analysis of both the dynamic and the average foveal and peripheral optical quality. • Using wavefront analysis to understand the contribution of optics to different aspects of peripheral human vision, such as resolution acuity and contrast sensitivity (Papers A, C, E). The results obtained in this work show the benefit of binocular viewing and real-time foveal measurements when studying peripheral aberrations under accommodation. With increasing accommodation, the relative peripheral refraction of myopic eyes becomes more negative, while the changes for the emmetropic eyes are small. However, the total peripheral optical quality proved to be similar between myopic and emmetropic subjects and varied little between distant and near objects. The results also suggest that the accommodative response is not the leading factor defining the magnitude of the microfluctuations in accommodation. Peripheral low contrast vision, irrespective of the foveal refractive error, is demonstrated to improve when monochromatic aberrations are corrected, while the effects of chromatic aberrations are negligible. Finally, the myopia control MiSight® multifocal contact lenses are shown to reduce vision performance in accommodation as well as in peripheral low-contrast resolution.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2020. p. 70
National Category
Other Physics Topics
Research subject
Physics, Optics and Photonics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-287323 (URN)978-91-7873-735-2 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-01-22, Via Zoom https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/67730175907, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Available from: 2020-12-10 Created: 2020-12-07 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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Romashchenko, DmitryLundström, Linda

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