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Robust Low-Power Wide Area Networks for Sports and Health
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Biomedical Engineering and Health Systems, Health Informatics and Logistics. (Health Informatics)ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6581-314X
2020 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWANs) has enriched the IoT ecosystem with new features and application scenarios. LPWANs offer long range communication and can be used to connect devices that are divided by long distances and offer connectivity to remote areas where cellular networks are not accessible. They utilize their long range, low-power robust communication to enable popular application scenarios, such as smart cities and smart agriculture.

However, the environment that most of these networks operate in is unlicensed spectrum, which might be crowded and noisy due to the co-existence of other networks and technologies that operate in the same frequency band. Therefore, one of the goals of this thesis is to investigate the degree of robustness in LPWANs and propose seamless mechanisms that ensure robust communication in case of high degree of interference. Another goal is to support application scenarios in sports technology and health, which require robust and long-range communication. Hence, the second goal of this thesis is to explore how to take advantage of the robust communication that LPWANs offer, and use it in application scenarios in sports technology and health.

To realize the aforementioned goals, this thesis is quantifying the tolerance level of LPWANs in high interference level environments and suggests methods that will make the co-existence of these networks more sustainable. It also demonstrates that LPWANs can be used in healthcare and safety contexts with a use case of a long-range emergency system. Finally, this thesis provides evidence that LPWAN is a good fit for sports technology applications as it presents a use case where long range time synchronization is offered for a kayak training application using LPWAN.

Abstract [sv]

Energisnåla långdistansnätverk, på engelska Low-Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN), har berikat IoT-ekosystemet med nya funktioner och möjliga tillämpningsområden. LPWAN erbjuder trådlös kommunikation med lång räckvidd och kan användas för att ansluta apparater som är långt ifrån varandra samt erbjuder uppkoppling till avlägsna områden där mobilnätet inte är tillgängligt. De använder sin långa räckvidd, låga strömförbrukning, och robusta kommunikation till att möjliggöra populära tillämpningsområden, så som smarta städer och smart jordbruk.

Dock använder de flesta av dessa nätverk olicensierat spektrum, vilket kan vara trångt och fullt med andra nätverk och tekniker som använder samma frekvensband. Därför är ett av målen med denna avhandling att undersöka graden av robusthet hos LPWANs och föreslå smidiga mekanismer som säkerställer robust kommunikation även vid stora störningar från andra nätverk. Ett annat mål är att stödja applikationsscenarier inom sportteknologi och hälsa, vilka kräver robust kommunikation med lång räckvidd. Därför är det andra målet med denna avhandling att utforska hur man kan dra nytta av den robusta kommunikationen som LPWAN erbjuder och använda den i tillämpningar inom idrottsteknologi och hälsa.

För att möta de ovannämnda målen, så börjar denna avhandling med att kvantifiera toleransnivån hos LPWAN när de använder spektrum med mycket interferens, för att sedan föreslå nya metoder som gör samverkan mellan dessa nätverk mer hållbar. Avhandlingen visar också att LPWAN kan användas i hälso- och säkerhetssammanhang med ett användarfall på ett personlarmsystem med lång räckvidd. Slutligen ger denna avhandling bevis på att LPWAN passar bra till applikationer inom sportteknologi eftersom ett användarfall presenteras där tidssynkronisering över långa avstånd implementerats i ett kajakträningsprogram med hjälp av LPWAN.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2020. , p. 42
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2020:46
National Category
Computer Systems Embedded Systems Communication Systems
Research subject
Technology and Health
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-280127ISBN: 9789178736263 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-280127DiVA, id: diva2:1463949
Public defence
2020-09-25, https://kth-se.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_-Ik9ZnewRCG_on64XaZhvg, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 2020-09-04

Available from: 2020-09-04 Created: 2020-09-03 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Investigating interference between LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4g networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Investigating interference between LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4g networks
2017 (English)In: Proc. 13th International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications, IEEE Computer Society, 2017, p. 441-448Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

The rapid growth of new radio technologies for Smart City/Building/Home applications means that models of cross-technology interference are needed to inform the development of higher layer protocols and applications. We systematically investigate interference interactions between LoRa and IEEE 802.15.4g networks. Our results show that LoRa can obtain high packet reception rates, even in presence of strong IEEE 802.15.4g interference. IEEE 802.15.4g is also shown to have some resilience to LoRa interference. Both effects are highly dependent on the LoRa radio's spreading factor and bandwidth configuration, as well as on the channelization. The results are shown to arise from the interaction between the two radios' modulation schemes. The data have implications for the design and analysis of protocols for both radio technologies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IEEE Computer Society, 2017
National Category
Communication Systems
Research subject
Telecommunication
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-219939 (URN)10.1109/WiMOB.2017.8115772 (DOI)000419818000061 ()2-s2.0-85041396367 (Scopus ID)978-1-5386-3839-2 (ISBN)
Conference
International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and CommunicationsVolume 2017-October, 20 November 2017, Article number 811577213th IEEE International Conference on Wireless and Mobile Computing, Networking and Communications, WiMob 2017; Savoy HotelRome; Italy; 9 October 2017 through 11 October 2017
Note

QC 20171215

Available from: 2017-11-23 Created: 2017-12-14 Last updated: 2024-03-15Bibliographically approved
2. Cross-technology Clear Channel Assessment for Low-Power Wide Area Networks
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Cross-technology Clear Channel Assessment for Low-Power Wide Area Networks
2019 (English)In: Proceedings of the 2019 IEEE 16th International Conference on Mobile Ad Hoc and Sensor Systems (MASS), Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2019Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Due to their popularity, large coverage areas, and diversity of radio technologies, Low Power Wide Area Networks (LPWAN) will experience high levels of cross-technology interference. In this work, we investigate the impact of LoRa interference on IEEE 802.15.4 (Wi-SUN) networks. Using hardware experiments, we characterize the interaction between these two very different radio technologies. In particular, we observe that the IEEE 802.15.4 Clear Channel Assessment (CCA) mechanism does not reliably detect interfering LoRa transmissions. We therefore propose an enhanced CCA mechanism based on a Multi-Layer Perceptron classifier and show that it significantly reduces the number of unsuccessful transmissions, while remaining compatible with the IEEE 802.15.4 standard.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE), 2019
National Category
Communication Systems Computer Systems Embedded Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-261177 (URN)10.1109/MASS.2019.00032 (DOI)000571122100023 ()2-s2.0-85084973353 (Scopus ID)
Conference
The 16th IEEE International Conference on Mobile Ad-Hoc and Smart Systems, Nov 4, 2019 - Nov 7, 2019, Monterey, CA, USA
Note

QC 20211020

Part of ISBN 978-1-7281-4601-0

Available from: 2019-10-02 Created: 2019-10-02 Last updated: 2024-10-18Bibliographically approved
3. Intelligent Foot Gesture Interface forResource-Constrained IoT Devices
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Intelligent Foot Gesture Interface forResource-Constrained IoT Devices
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Embedded Systems Communication Systems
Research subject
Computer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279152 (URN)
Note

QC 20200909

Available from: 2020-08-17 Created: 2020-08-17 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved
4. Synchronization over Long Range: A kayaktraining scenario
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Synchronization over Long Range: A kayaktraining scenario
Show others...
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Embedded Systems Communication Systems
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-279153 (URN)
Note

QC 20201022

Available from: 2020-08-17 Created: 2020-08-17 Last updated: 2022-06-26Bibliographically approved

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Orfanidis, Charalampos

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