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Developing a neighbourhood: exploring construction projects from a project ecology perspective
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Construction and Facilities Management.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6071-9242
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Construction and Facilities Management.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5744-9445
2020 (English)In: Construction Management and Economics, ISSN 0144-6193, E-ISSN 1466-433X, Vol. 38, no 10, p. 964-976Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

As a consequence of ongoing urbanisation, construction projects are likely to be performed in multi-project contexts. Zooming out from the single project and focusing on the context in which construction projects are performed is suggested as a way to broaden our understanding and develop new theory. The empirical case in focus here, which is studied as a project ecology, is the development of a major urban development district, where several interdependent construction projects have been initiated in sequence and in parallel in a limited geographical area. This case poses several challenges to the developers (construction clients) who are performing their projects simultaneously, and literally, as neighbours. Therefore, we zoom out from the single construction project and put the project in a wider context on a macro level, to increase the understanding of the context in which construction projects are performed. The theoretical lens of social capital helps us zoom in on the interdependencies that develop over time, going beyond traditional, contractual and vertical relationships. Based on empirical material, including interviews and meeting observations, the findings indicate that the developers have to coordinate horizontal interdependencies between projects. The findings also show that the construction client’s role has been extended from initiating and delivering the project mission to also having a collaborator role between projects, where ambidexterity is required.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited , 2020. Vol. 38, no 10, p. 964-976
Keywords [en]
horizontal interdependencies; construction client’s role; multi-project context; social capital; project ecology; ambidexterity
National Category
Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-282308DOI: 10.1080/01446193.2020.1805479ISI: 000560864000001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85089597818OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-282308DiVA, id: diva2:1471607
Note

QC 20201118

Available from: 2020-09-29 Created: 2020-09-29 Last updated: 2025-05-05Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. ”It’s in the between”: Inter-Project Organising in Project Ecologies
Open this publication in new window or tab >>”It’s in the between”: Inter-Project Organising in Project Ecologies
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The word project is used to describe everything from mundane tasks tomajor government-initiated structural changes. Projects are also thefocus of a growing research field that seeks to understand how society isorganised. On the back of this ‘projectification’, projects are becomingincreasingly entangled with each other, both in and betweenorganisations. This means that it is not only important to understandsingle projects, but also the interdependencies between projects in multiprojectcontexts. There is a call for a deeper understanding of multiprojectcontexts as interdependencies between projects can influenceproject work and outcomes widely, even though the interdependenciesare not visible in formal relationships. This thesis applies the concept ofproject ecologies to explore interdependencies that go beyond strategic orformal relationships. Inspired by a practice perspective, the purpose ofthis thesis is to increase the understanding of multi-project context,through investigating inter-project practices in project ecologies.In this thesis, urban development and construction projects are studied togain insight into inter-project practices in project ecologies. Spaceinterdependencies are multiple when parallel and sequential constructionprojects are carried out in a confined urban development district, and theactions of construction clients in this setting are studied using interviews,meeting observations and project documents. Routine dynamics are themain analytical framework, and the emergence of inter-project routines isused to study inter-project practices and how interdependencies becomerelationships through joint action.The findings show that construction clients commencing projects in anurban development district must apply both an intra- and inter-projectfocus. As project ecologies have low levels of formal management,construction clients must take actions to handle space interdependenciesbetween projects, i.e., actions patterned into routines between projects.These actions are not steered through principal-agent relationships, butstem from self-organising to a large extent. In project ecologies, the maincomplexities lie between projects, but benefits can be achieved if theactors can overcome issues relating to skewed power relationships, trust,and resource allocations. In the case of urban development, these benefitscan include the creation of new neighbourhoods and sustainability.The focus on the space between projects and on inter-project routinessuggests that the concept of project ecologies would benefit from an interprojectlayer running horizontally between projects. This layer, whencoupled with the routine dynamics framework, could help move theconcept of project ecologies beyond identifying actors, projects andorganisations in networks, to following the actions and actors’ practicesthat emerge in a project ecology.This thesis contributes to project studies by exploring organising that isboth inter-project and inter-organisational, moving beyond programmesand megaprojects as concepts explaining complex project organising.More specifically, it contributes to the literature on project ecologies byextending the understanding of organising in project ecologies throughexploring actions between projects. By using organisational routines tozoom-in on the actions between projects, the current definition of projectecologies as centred around a single project and firm is scrutinised.Moreover, this thesis contributes to the construction managementliterature by redirecting the focus away from contractual relationships toshowing how construction clients’ roles are influenced byinterdependencies between projects and by having to perform intra- andinter-project practices in parallel.

Abstract [sv]

Begreppet projekt används idag för att beskriva allt från vardagligauppgifter till genomförande av stora och strukturella förändringar isamhället. Projekt är inte bara en del av vår vardag men också ettväxande forskningsområde fokuserat på att förstå organiseringen av vårtsamhälle. I och med denna projektifiering blir projekt mer och mersammanknutna med varandra, både inom och mellan organisationer. Deträcker inte att förstå det enskilda projektet utan även beroenden mellanprojekt, i multiprojektmiljöer, måste tas hänsyn till. Dessa beroenden kanha inflytande både på arbetet inom projekt och på dess resultat, även omberoendena inte är synliga genom formella relationer. Den häravhandlingen använder konceptet projektekologier för att undersökaberoenden mellan interorganisatoriska projekt. Projektekologier öppnarför att också studera informella beroenden, utöver strategiska ochformella relationer. Genom att fokusera på praktiker är avhandlingensavsikt att utöka förståelsen av multiprojektmiljöer genom att undersökainter-projektpraktiker i projektekologier.

I avhandlingen används byggprojekt som exempel på projektekologi, föratt kunna studera praktiker mellan projekt. Många spatiala beroendenuppkommer mellan parallella och sekventiella byggprojekt, när det utförsinom ett begränsat område. Byggherrarnas agerande mellan projekt inomett stadsutvecklingsområde har studerats genom intervjuer,mötesobservationer och dokumentstudier och det teoretiska fältet routinedynamics har använts som det huvudsakliga analytiska ramverket.Utifrån det har rutiner som uppkommer mellan projekt studerats för attskapa förståelse för praktiker mellan projekt (inter-projekt) och hurberoenden utvecklas till relationer genom gemensamt agerande.

Resultaten visar att byggherrarna som påbörjar projekt i ettstadsutvecklingsområde måste förstå beroenden både inom och mellanprojekt. Då projektekologier pågår utan formellt ledarskap så måstebyggherrarna gemensamt agera för att hantera spatiala beroenden mellansina projekt. Agerande som över tid skapar rutiner mellan projekt. Tillstor del uppkommer byggherrarnas agerande genom självorganisering. Iprojektekologier ligger de största svårigheterna mellan projekt, menockså de största möjligheterna om aktörerna överkommer problem relaterade till maktförhållanden, tillit och resursallokering. Förstadsutvecklingsområden inkluderar dessa möjligheter att skapa nyasociala områden och uppnå hållbarhetsmål.

Genom att flytta fokus till mellanrummen mellan projekt och fokusera påinter-projekt praktiker kan förståelsen av projektekologier utvecklas,genom att inkludera ett inter-projekt lager, horisontellt mellan projekt.Ett inter-projekt lagret kombinerat med att följa rutiner kan hjälpa till attutveckla konceptet projektekologier, och därmed nå bortom attidentifiera aktörer, projekt och organisationer i ett nätverk till att följaderas agerande och praktiker som uppkommer inom projektekologier.

I ett vidare perspektiv bidrar avhandlingen till projektstudier genom attstudera organisering som sker mellan projekt och organisationer, bortomförståelsen för program och megaprojekt som koncept för att förklarakomplex projektorganisering. Mer specifikt utökas förståelsen avorganisering i projektekologier genom att belysa horisontellt agerandemellan projekt. Genom att fokusera på rutiner och zooma in påageranden utvecklas också definitionen av projektekologier, från attcentrera på ett enskilt projekt eller företag till att se mellanrummen.Vidare bidrar avhandlingen till byggledningslitteraturen genom att riktafokus bort från kontraktrelationer och visa hur byggherrarna påverkaroch påverkas av beroenden mellan projekt.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. p. 82
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2226
Keywords
project ecologies, organisational routines, space interdependencies, self-organising, urban development district, construction project, construction client
National Category
Business Administration
Research subject
Business Studies
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-311731 (URN)978-91-8040-243-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-06-03, F3, Lindstedsvägen 26, KTH Campus, Videolänk https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/65138159644, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
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Note

QC 20220509

Available from: 2022-05-09 Created: 2022-05-03 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved

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Bengtsson, Susanna HedborgKarrbom Gustavsson, Tina

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