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Transparent Wood Biocomposites by Fast UV-Curing for Reduced Light-Scattering through Wood/Thiol-ene Interface Design
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8324-485X
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3201-5138
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Photonics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2562-0540
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology, Biocomposites. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5818-2378
2020 (English)In: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces, ISSN 1944-8244, E-ISSN 1944-8252, Vol. 12, no 41, p. 46914-46922Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Transparent wood (TW) is an interesting polymer biocomposite with potential for buildings and photonics applications. TW materials need to be eco-friendly and readily processed with few defects, for high optical transmittance and low transmission scattering at wide angles (haze). Two wood templates with different lignin-content are impregnated with a new thiol-ene thermoset system. The more eco-friendly bleached wood template results in transparent wood with high optical transmission and much reduced transmission haze, due to strong reduction of interfacial air gaps. Characterization includes template composition, thiol-ene distribution, and polymerization in wood cell wall by EDX and confocal Raman microscopy, also NMR and DSC, tensile testing and FE-SEM fractography for morphology and wood/thiol-ene interface adhesion assessment. The wood template is a true nanocomposite with thiol-ene polymer located inside the nanoporous wood cell wall. Advanced TW applications require not only appropriate wood template modification and careful polymer matrix selection but also tailoring of the process to impregnation and polymerization mechanisms, in order to reduce optical defects.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
NLM (Medline) , 2020. Vol. 12, no 41, p. 46914-46922
Keywords [en]
cellulose, debonding, haze, optical properties, polymer composite
National Category
Polymer Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-288015DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c12505ISI: 000582345700123PubMedID: 32996762Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85092945884OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-288015DiVA, id: diva2:1513101
Note

QC 20201229

Available from: 2020-12-29 Created: 2020-12-29 Last updated: 2022-09-21Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Optical Functionalization of Transparent Wood Biocomposites
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Optical Functionalization of Transparent Wood Biocomposites
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Transparent wood (TW) biocomposites combines load-bearing properties with high transmittance of light. TW consists of a reinforcing wood substrate that has been infiltrated with a polymer matrix. TW can be combined with additives so that new multifunctional materials are obtained. Functional additives are, however, sensitive to aggregation and the wood structure limits particle infiltration. Dispersion and distribution of additives as well as optical properties were controlled by chemical treatment of the wood substrate. The structure and chemistry of the wood substrate was influenced by delignification or bleaching.

With a thiol-ene polymer matrix, wood was tailored to produce TW with high or low optical scattering. It was possible to dope a delignified wood substrate with a high content of a fluorescent dye to produce TW solid-state dye lasers. Optical scattering enhanced the spectral brightness of the lasers and wave-guiding in TW partially directed the emission, producing a quasi-random laser.

Favourable distribution of nanoparticles (NPs) was obtained by two routes: in-situ synthesis and charge-regulated NP diffusion. With in-situ synthesis, mobile precursors infiltrated the substrate. With charge-regulated diffusion, cationic NPs were dispersed by negative charges in the wood substrate. Structurally coloured TW with wavelength-specific polarization was produced by in-situ synthesis of plasmonic NPs (PNPs). Utilization of wood compounds as reagents and stabilizing ligands produced TW with well-dispersed PNPs. Flame-retardant and self-extinguishing TW with preserved optical transmittance was prepared by charge-regulated diffusion of cationic silica NPs.

In conclusion, functionalization of wood substrates promoted controlled dispersion of additives for TW with new functionalities, such as laser performance, fluorescence, fire-retardant properties and structural colours.

Abstract [sv]

Transparent trä (TW) är biokompositmaterial som kombinerar lastbärande egenskaper med hög ljustransmittans. TW består av träsubstrat som impregnerats med en polymermatris. Genom att tillsätta additiv till TW kan nya multifunktionella material framställas. Additivens funktioner begränsas dock ofta av aggregation och strukturen i trä begränsar partikelimpregnering. Med kemisk behandling av träsubstratet kan additivens dispersion och distribuering samt optiska egenskaper justeras i TW. Strukturen och kemin i träsubstraten påverkades med delignifiering eller blekning.

 Med en thiol-ene-polymermatris kunde TW med hög eller låg ljusspridning framställas genom att justera träsubstratets kemi. Delignifierat trä kunde dopas med stora mängder fluorescerande färgämnen så att en TW-baserad laser framställdes. I lasern förstärktes emissionen av ljusspridning. Dessutom riktade vågledning i TW emissionen så att lasern inte var slumpartad.

Nanopartiklar (NP) distribuerades i trä genom in-situ syntes eller laddningsreglerad diffusion. Med in-situ syntes kan trä impregneras med mobila reaktanter. Med laddningsreglerad diffusion kan katjoniska NP dispergeras av negativa laddningar i träsubstratet. TW med strukturell färg och våglängdsspecifik polarisering framställdes med in-situ syntes av plasmoniska NP (PNP). Träkomponenter reducerade, dispergerade och stabiliserade PNP. TW med flamskyddande och självsläckande egenskaper och med bevarad ljustransmittans framställdes med laddningsreglerad diffusion av kajoniska silika NP.

Sammanfattningsvis så har biokomopsiter med nya egenskaper framställts genom att bleka eller delignifiera träsubstrat så att dispersionen av additiv förbättrades i TW. TW med laserförmåga, fluorescens, flamskyddande egenskaper och strukturell färg har framställts.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. p. 60
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2022:45
Keywords
transparent wood, biocomposite, optical scattering, interfaces, dye laser, organic dye, plasmonic, nanoparticle
National Category
Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-318395 (URN)978-91-8040-346-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-10-14, F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, grant agreement No. 742733, Wood NanoTechKnut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, WWSC
Note

QC 20220921

Skolchef Mikael Lindström, CBH, har godkänt embargo.

Available from: 2022-09-21 Created: 2022-09-21 Last updated: 2025-10-30Bibliographically approved

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Höglund, MartinJohansson, MatsSychugov, IlyaBerglund, Lars

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