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Heat transfer and associated coherent structures of a single impinging jet from a round nozzle
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics. ABB AB, Corp Res, SE-72226 Västerås, Sweden..
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, Centres, SeRC - Swedish e-Science Research Centre. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemical Engineering, Process Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5886-415X
2021 (English)In: International Journal of Heat and Mass Transfer, ISSN 0017-9310, E-ISSN 1879-2189, Vol. 173, article id 121197Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The heat transfer arising from an impinging jet at a Reynolds number of 500 0 is studied through LargeEddy Simulation (LES), with special attention on the heat transfer dynamics. The obtained heat transfer and flow fields are decomposed and studied using proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) and extended proper orthogonal decomposition (EPOD). The heat transfer appear to be distributed according to a gamma distribution, in time, with location-dependent shape and scale parameters. The results obtained show that, over time, many locations on the impingement plate experience large over- and undershoots compared to the time-averaged Nusselt number distribution. The POD analysis show that the low order heat transfer modes, while having low relative intensity, are associated with distinct flow features. The flow features are identified by application of EPOD. The two dominant modes are associated with ring-like vortex structures organized concentrically around the impingement point. Reconstruction of the heat transfer field using the three first modes and the mean field show radially outward moving structures with a phase velocity of 0.23 U-b.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2021. Vol. 173, article id 121197
Keywords [en]
Heat transfer, Impinging jet, Large-Eddy simulation (LES), Proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), Turbulent flow
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-296369DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheatmasstransfer.2021.121197ISI: 000646196300008Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85103421406OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-296369DiVA, id: diva2:1568009
Note

QC 20210617

Available from: 2021-06-17 Created: 2021-06-17 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Numerical predictions of heat-transfer applied to electrical machines
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Numerical predictions of heat-transfer applied to electrical machines
2022 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

In order to meet the need for increased electrification, and at the same time reduce the total demand for electric energy, behavior change and technological innovation is needed. Over the decades power density of electric motors have increased, leading to increased demands on the cooling system design and performance. The need for reduced energy demand, increased efficiency, and continued increase in performance require continuous development effort regarding cooling systems, understanding of temperature distributions and heat transfer, and thermal simulation tools applicable in the motor manufacturing industry.

    A study on how simulation assumptions affect the resolved temperature field in a traction motor prototype is presented. Here different assumptions regarding loss distributions and air flow distributions are considered. The study illustrates how different simulation assumptions affect the temperature field, and how the results compare to measurements.

    Application of numerical methods for resolving heat transfer, and how the heat transfer is linked to features in the fluid flow, is presented. An air jet impinging on a heated surface is investigated through the application of Large Eddy Simulations (LES) and obtained data processed using the Extended Proper Orthogonal Decomposition (EPOD) method. The study shows the link between structures in the flow and the associated structures in heat transfer. 

    Thermal analysis is an integral part of the motor design and dimensioning process. The method employed in theses studies is often the Lumped Parameter Thermal Network (LPTN). In this work a prototype method for automatic calibration of an LPTN, based on external temperature data, is presented. Application of Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) in computing input data needed for LTPNs is presented, where an extension to existing heat transfer correlations related to the end-winding of a form-wound machine is suggested.

    The studies are aiming at enabling advancing the prediction capability of heat transfer and temperature simulation methods applied in analysis of electrical machines.

Abstract [sv]

För att möta behovet av utökad elektrifiering, samtidigt som energibehovet behöver reduceras, krävs både beteendeförändringar och teknologisk innovation. Effekttätheten i roterande maskiner har ökat under decennierna, vilket leder till förhöjda krav på kylningsystemens utformande och prestanda. Kombinationen av behovet av minskning av energibehov, höjd verkningsgrad samt ökade prestandakrav, kräver kontinuerlig utveckling av kylsystem, förståelse av temperaturfördelning och värmeöverföring, samt simuleringsverktyg tillämpbara i motortillverkningsindustrin. 

    En studie av hur antaganden i definieringen av simuleringar påverkar den erhållna temperaturprofilen presenteras i denna avhandling. Studien utfördes med utgångspunkt från en traktionsmotorprototyp. Olika antaganden gällande förlustfördelning och fördelning av kylluftflöde beaktades. Studien illustrerar hur olika antaganden påverkar det simulerade temperaturfältet, och hur resultaten står sig i jämförelse med mätningar. 

    Numeriska metoder för upplösning av värmeöverföring och hur denna är kopplad till strukturer i fluiden presenteras. En luftstråle som infaller på en uppvärmd plan yta studerades med hjälp av Large Eddy Simulation (LES) och erhållen data behandlades med Extended Proper Orthogonal Decompositon (EPOD). Studien visar på kopplingen mellan strukturer i flödet och strukturer i värmeöverföringen. 

    Termisk analys är en viktig del av design- och dimensioneringsprocessen för en motor. En vanligt förekommande metod för detta är termiska nätverk. I denna avhandling presenteras en prototyp till en method för automatisk kalibrering av termiska nätverk, där kalibrering sker mot en extern källa till temperaturdata. Tillämpning av Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) för att beräkna in-data till termiska nätverk presenteras också, där en utökning av befintliga korrelationer för värmeöverföring vid lindningsutsticken hos formlindade maskiner föreslås.

    Studierna ämnar till att möjliggöra förbättra predikteringsförmågan hos värmeöverförings- och temperatursimuleringsmetoder tillämpade vid analys av elektriska maskiner.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2022. p. xii, 52
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2022:60
Keywords
Electric machines, energy efficiency, heat transfer, thermal management, high fidelity simulation, computational fluid dynamics (CFD), proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), lumped parameter thermal network (LPTN), Elektriska maskiner, energieffektivitet, verkningsgrad, värmeöverföring, värmehantering, simuleringar med hög upplösning, strömningsmekaniska beräkningar, proper orthogonal decomposition (POD), termiska nätverk
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Energy Engineering
Research subject
Engineering Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-321585 (URN)978-91-8040-427-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2022-12-15, https://kth-se.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_05A23IvPROCKA2beck3VUA, H1, Teknikringen 33, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Foundation for Strategic Research
Note

QC 20221118

Available from: 2022-11-18 Created: 2022-11-18 Last updated: 2025-10-30Bibliographically approved

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Rönnberg, KristianDuwig, Christophe

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