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Self-preserving ice layers on CO2 clathrate particles: Implications for Enceladus, Pluto, and similar ocean worlds
Univ Oslo, Dept Phys, Ctr Mat Sci & Nanotechnol, POB 1048, N-0316 Oslo, Norway..
Univ Seville, Multifunct Opt Mat Grp, Inst Ciencia Mat Sevilla, CSIC, Calle Americo Vespucio 49, Seville 41092, Spain..
Albert Ludwigs Univ Freiburg, Phys Inst, Hermann Herder Str 3, D-79104 Freiburg, Germany.;Univ Bergen, Dept Phys & Technol, Allegaten 55, N-5007 Bergen, Norway..
Norwegian Univ Sci & Technol, Dept Energy & Proc Engn, N-7491 Trondheim, Norway..
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2021 (English)In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, ISSN 0004-6361, E-ISSN 1432-0746, Vol. 650, article id A54Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Context. Gas hydrates can be stabilised outside their window of thermodynamic stability by the formation of an ice layer - a phenomenon termed self-preservation. This can lead to a positive buoyancy for clathrate particles containing CO2 that would otherwise sink in the oceans of Enceladus, Pluto, and similar oceanic worlds.Aims. Here we investigate the implications of Lifshitz forces and low occupancy surface regions on type I clathrate structures for their self-preservation through ice layer formation, presenting a plausible model based on multi-layer interactions through dispersion forces.Methods. We used optical data and theoretical models for the dielectric response for water, ice, and gas hydrates with a different occupancy. Taking this together with the thermodynamic Lifshitz free energy, we modelled the energy minima essential for the formation of ice layers at the interface between gas hydrate and liquid water.Results. We predict the growth of an ice layer between 0.01 and 0.2 mu m thick on CO, CH4, and CO2 hydrate surfaces, depending on the presence of surface regions depleted in gas molecules. Effective hydrate particle density is estimated, delimiting a range of particle size and compositions that would be buoyant in different oceans. Over geological time, the deposition of floating hydrate particles could result in the accumulation of kilometre-thick gas hydrate layers above liquid water reservoirs and below the water ice crusts of their respective ocean worlds. On Enceladus, the destabilisation of near-surface hydrate deposits could lead to increased gas pressures that both drive plumes and entrain stabilised hydrate particles. Furthermore, on ocean worlds, such as Enceladus and particularly Pluto, the accumulation of thick CO2 or mixed gas hydrate deposits could insulate its ocean against freezing. In preventing freezing of liquid water reservoirs in ocean worlds, the presence of CO2-containing hydrate layers could enhance the habitability of ocean worlds in our Solar System and on the exoplanets and exomoons beyond.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
EDP Sciences , 2021. Vol. 650, article id A54
Keywords [en]
planets and satellites: oceans, planets and satellites: interiors, planets and satellites: general
National Category
Oceanography, Hydrology and Water Resources Meteorology and Atmospheric Sciences Astronomy, Astrophysics and Cosmology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-298868DOI: 10.1051/0004-6361/202040181ISI: 000661576300001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85107607725OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-298868DiVA, id: diva2:1581272
Note

QC 20210720

Available from: 2021-07-20 Created: 2021-07-20 Last updated: 2025-02-01Bibliographically approved

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Persson, ClasCorkery, Robert

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