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A universal SARS-CoV DNA vaccine inducing highly cross-reactive neutralizing antibodies and T cells
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2022 (English)In: EMBO Molecular Medicine, ISSN 1757-4676, E-ISSN 1757-4684, Vol. 14, no 10, article id e15821Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

New variants in the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic are more contagious (Alpha/Delta), evade neutralizing antibodies (Beta), or both (Omicron). This poses a challenge in vaccine development according to WHO. We designed a more universal SARS-CoV-2 DNA vaccine containing receptor-binding domain loops from the huCoV-19/WH01, the Alpha, and the Beta variants, combined with the membrane and nucleoproteins. The vaccine induced spike antibodies crossreactive between huCoV-19/WH01, Beta, and Delta spike proteins that neutralized huCoV-19/WH01, Beta, Delta, and Omicron virus in vitro. The vaccine primed nucleoprotein-specific T cells, unlike spike-specific T cells, recognized Bat-CoV sequences. The vaccine protected mice carrying the human ACE2 receptor against lethal infection with the SARS-CoV-2 Beta variant. Interestingly, priming of cross-reactive nucleoprotein-specific T cells alone was 60% protective, verifying observations from humans that T cells protect against lethal disease. This SARS-CoV vaccine induces a uniquely broad and functional immunity that adds to currently used vaccines. 

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
EMBO , 2022. Vol. 14, no 10, article id e15821
Keywords [en]
DNA vaccine, in vivo electroporation, preclinical development, SARS-CoV-2, universal SARS vaccine, angiotensin converting enzyme 2, membrane protein, neutralizing antibody, nucleoprotein, SARS-CoV-2 vaccine, virus spike protein, animal cell, animal experiment, animal model, animal tissue, Article, controlled study, coronavirus disease 2019, cross reaction, electroporation, female, histopathology, immunity, in vitro study, in vivo study, Leporidae, mouse, New Zealand White (rabbit), nonhuman, preclinical study, receptor binding, SARS coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2 Alpha, SARS-CoV-2 Beta, SARS-CoV-2 Delta, SARS-CoV-2 Omicron, T lymphocyte
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Immunology in the medical area
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-327040DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202215821ISI: 000848501900001PubMedID: 35986481Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85137372310OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-327040DiVA, id: diva2:1758497
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QC 20230523

Available from: 2023-05-23 Created: 2023-05-23 Last updated: 2023-05-23Bibliographically approved

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Tegel, HannaHober, Sophia

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