From Inanimate Object to Agent: Impact of Pre-beginnings on the Emergence of Greetings with a Robot
2023 (English)In: ACM Transactions on Human-Robot Interaction, E-ISSN 2573-9522, Vol. 12, no 3, article id 29Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
The very first moments of co-presence, during which a robot appears to a participant for the first time, are often "off-the-record" in the data collected from human-robot experiments (video recordings, motion tracking, methodology sections, etc.). Yet, this "pre-beginning" phase, well documented in the case of human-human interactions, is not an interactional vacuum: It is where interactional work from participants can take place so the production of a first speaking turn (like greeting the robot) becomes relevant and expected. We base our analysis on an experiment that replicated the interaction opening delays sometimes observed in laboratory or "in-the-wild" human-robot interaction studies-where robots can require time before springing to life after they are in co-presence with a human. Using an ethnomethodological and multimodal conversation analytic methodology (EMCA), we identify which properties of the robot's behavior were oriented to by participants as creating the adequate conditions to produce a first greeting. Our findings highlight the importance of the state in which the robot originally appears to participants: as an immobile object or, instead, as an entity already involved in preexisting activity. Participants' orientations to the very first behaviors manifested by the robot during this "pre-beginning" phase produced a priori unpredictable sequential trajectories, which configured the timing and the manner in which the robot emerged as a social agent. We suggest that these first instants of co-presence are not peripheral issues with respect to human-robot experiments but should be thought about and designed as an integral part of those.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2023. Vol. 12, no 3, article id 29
Keywords [en]
Pre-beginning, greetings, social agent, conversation analysis, ethnomethodology, robot latencies, computers are social actors, anthropomorphism
National Category
Computer graphics and computer vision
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-334324DOI: 10.1145/3575806ISI: 001020331600002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85161692363OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-334324DiVA, id: diva2:1789348
Note
QC 20230818
2023-08-182023-08-182025-02-07Bibliographically approved