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Towards the circular sustainability transition in road infrastructure
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Road and Railway Engineering.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1827-1517
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Grounded in the context of global climate change and the pressing demand for carbon-neutral practices in road infrastructure management, the road sector has had a long history of extensive efforts to pursue sustainability. However, navigating the complex road and pavement system to the circular economy is a multi-dimensional and time-consuming endeavour. Obstructed by lock-in mechanisms of the prevailing "take-make-dispose" linear mode, the current circular economy studies in road engineering often focus only on one certain type of practice, featured by fragmentation from a system perspective. To assist the systemic circular transition of the road sector, this doctoral thesis offers a comprehensive retrospection on the current road management system and aims to find pathways to kick off this transition with the opportunities brought by digitalization and electrification in the Industry 4.0 era.

In order to understand the current status of road infrastructure management and the hurdles to the transition, this thesis began with a historical lens and established two systematic literature reviews that have summarized the traditional practices in road and pavement management, which have also provided a structured investigation of the research gaps and barriers towards the future transformation of smart road infrastructure. The conclusions from these two reviews indicate that marginal changes in the current practice of road management will only lead to burden shifting, instead of enabling the occurrence of the circular transition. One of the key conclusions is that the onset of the transformation process needs systemic thinking and collaboration among stakeholders.

Therefore, based on two case studies in Sweden, this thesis takes a step further to find the alignment between technical complexity and actor complexity and find the pathways to the transition with systemic-level solutions. By applying multidisciplinary knowledge from management science, these two case studies exemplify how to create a common vision for sustainability with active stakeholder participation, offering an important aspect of the effective navigation towards the sustainability transition in the road sector. With different research focuses and diverse combinations of tool-kits in these two case studies, the first case study on Digital Transport Southern Stockholm emphasized the importance of bridging the gap between authorities and the industry and involving all relevant stakeholders in a more dynamic way; and the second case study on Zero-emission Contracting SödertörnCrosslink suggested a sector-wide readiness to embrace change, contingent on shifting responsibility to the market.

In synthesis, the thesis calls for a holistic approach that balances technical, environmental, and social dimensions of sustainability, guided by clear definitions, flexible frameworks, and stakeholder engagement. It puts emphasis on mutual efforts towards realizing a sustainable, circular road sector adaptable to evolving global sustainability agendas. Through its enriched narrative, the thesis contributes to broader discussions on sustainability transitions, offering insights applicable across infrastructure development domains.

Abstract [sv]

Förankrad i sammanhanget av global klimatförändring och det påträngande behovet av koldioxidneutrala metoder inom förvaltningen av väginfrastruktur har vägsektorn haft en lång historia av omfattande ansträngningar för att främja hållbarhet. Att navigera det komplexa väg- och beläggningssystemet mot den cirkulära ekonomin är emellertid en mångdimensionell och tidskrävande strävan. Hindrad av låsningar i det rådande linjära take-make-dispose-läget fokuserar de nuvarande studierna inom cirkulär ekonomi inom vägteknik ofta bara på en viss typ av praxis, vilket leder till fragmentering ur ett systemperspektiv. För att underlätta den systemiska cirkulära övergången inom vägsektorn erbjuder denna doktorsavhandling en omfattande återblick på det nuvarande vägförvaltningssystemet och syftar till att hitta vägar att påbörja denna övergång med de möjligheter som digitaliseringen och elektrifieringen för med sig i industrin 4.0-eran.

För att förstå den aktuella statusen för förvaltningen av väginfrastruktur och hindren för övergången började denna avhandling med ett historiskt perspektiv och etablerade två systematiska litteraturgenomgångar som har sammanfattat de traditionella praxiserna inom väg- och beläggningsförvaltning, vilket också har gett en strukturerad undersökning av forskningsgap och hinder mot den framtida transformationen av smart väginfrastruktur. Slutsatserna från dessa två översikter indikerar att marginella förändringar i den nuvarande praxisen för vägförvaltning bara kommer att leda till överföring av bördor, istället för att möjliggöra förekomsten av den cirkulära övergången. En av de viktigaste slutsatserna är att starten av transformationsprocessen kräver systemiskt tänkande och samarbete mellan intressenter.

Därför, baserat på två fallstudier i Sverige, tar detta avhandlingsprojekt ett steg längre för att hitta samklangen mellan teknisk komplexitet och aktörskomplexitet och hitta vägarna till övergången med lösningar på systemnivå. Genom att tillämpa tvärvetenskaplig kunskap från förvaltningsvetenskap exemplifierar dessa två fallstudier hur man skapar en gemensam vision för hållbarhet med aktiv deltagande från intressenter, vilket erbjuder en viktig aspekt av den effektiva navigeringen mot hållbarhetsövergången inom vägsektorn. I dessa två fallstudier används olika forskningsfokus och verktygsuppsättningar. Den första fallstudien, Digital Transport Southern Stockholm, understryker vikten av att minska klyftan mellan myndigheter och industrin genom att dynamiskt engagera alla relevanta intressenter. Den andra fallstudien, Nollutsläppsentreprenad Tvärförbindelse Södertörn, framhäver behovet av en sektorsövergripande beredskap för att anamma förändring, vilket innefattar att överlåta mer ansvar till marknaden.

I syntes efterlysar avhandlingen för en holistisk ansats som balanserar tekniska, miljömässiga och sociala dimensioner av hållbarhet, vägledd av tydliga definitioner, flexibla ramverk och deltagande från intressenter. Den uppmanar till gemensamma ansträngningar för att förverkliga en hållbar, cirkulär vägsektor som är anpassningsbar till utvecklingen av globala hållbarhetsagendor. Genom sin berikade berättelse bidrar avhandlingen till bredare diskussioner om hållbarhetsövergångar och erbjuder insikter som är tillämpliga inom infrastrukturutvecklingsområden.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. , p. 126
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2411
Keywords [en]
Circular Economy, Sustainable infrastructure, Road management, Pavement management, End-of-life, System thinking, Participatory back-casting, V model
Keywords [sv]
Cirkulär ekonomi, Hållbar infrastruktur, Vägförvaltning, Vägbeläggning, Livscykel, Systemtänkande, Delaktig tillbakablick, V-modellen
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346189ISBN: 978-91-8040-906-3 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-346189DiVA, id: diva2:1856098
Public defence
2024-05-29, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, KTH Campus, public video conference link https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/63974080690, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20240506

Available from: 2024-05-06 Created: 2024-05-06 Last updated: 2024-05-07Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Transition from linear to circular economy in pavement engineering: A historical review
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Transition from linear to circular economy in pavement engineering: A historical review
2024 (English)In: Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, E-ISSN 1879-1786, Journal of Cleaner Production, ISSN 0959-6526, Vol. 449, article id 141809Article, review/survey (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Navigating the complex pavement system to the circular economy is a multi-dimensional and time-consuming endeavour. Obstructed by lock-in mechanisms of the prevailing “take-make-dispose” linear mode, the current circular economy studies in pavement infrastructure often focus only on one certain type of practice, featured by fragmentation from a system perspective. This study presents the first systematic literature review on the historical development trend of the circular economy concept in the pavement sector based on the collected 59 studies from 2006 to 2022. This review also identifies the soft (regulatory, social/environmental) and hard (technical, market/economic) drivers of- and barriers to the paradigm shift, aiming to coordinate the existing fragmented findings and facilitate the future systemic implementation of the circular economy. The synthesis of the results indicates that the underdeveloped technical guidance and legal system are inhibiting the paradigm shift to the circular economy. Furthermore, the authors argue that the importance of transparent and standardized data along the whole supply chain should be highlighted. Ultimately, this paper suggests that a welcoming environment set by the road authorities is crucial for innovation and entrepreneurship, as well as for constructing a system where stakeholders can confidently take responsibility and initiative.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2024
Keywords
Circular economy, Material passports, Recycling, Stakeholder engagement, Sustainable pavement
National Category
Civil Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-344786 (URN)10.1016/j.jclepro.2024.141809 (DOI)001220154300001 ()2-s2.0-85188120421 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20240402

Available from: 2024-03-28 Created: 2024-03-28 Last updated: 2024-05-27Bibliographically approved
2. Integrating sustainability into pavement maintenance effectiveness evaluation: A systematic review
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Integrating sustainability into pavement maintenance effectiveness evaluation: A systematic review
2022 (English)In: Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment, ISSN 1361-9209, E-ISSN 1879-2340, Vol. 104, p. 103187-, article id 103187Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Based on the publications from two databases during 1998–2020, this paper presents a systematic literature review on pavement maintenance effectiveness evaluation to summarize the current trend and identify the research gap that must be addressed for a sustainable maintenance management. This review has analyzed and synthesized maintenance thresholds and their mechanisms, the measurement methods of effectiveness in terms of performance, cost and environmental impacts. In particular, this paper has critically examined the state-of-art maintenance effectiveness optimization strategy that has included environmental concerns and sustainable goals, in comparison with the traditional cost-effectiveness evaluation method. The study has revealed the ambiguous definition of pavement maintenance effectiveness and data availability have caused inconsistencies in the evaluation process; moreover, the embryonic pavement life cycle assessment studies and limited study on pavement use phase have set obstacles in the expanding system boundary of sustainable maintenance effectiveness evaluation.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2022
Keywords
Pavement maintenance, Maintenance effectiveness, Optimization, Pavement life cycle, Sustainability
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-307796 (URN)10.1016/j.trd.2022.103187 (DOI)000818921100003 ()2-s2.0-85123944912 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20220208

Available from: 2022-02-03 Created: 2022-02-03 Last updated: 2024-05-06Bibliographically approved
3. Identifying actor and stakeholder complexity for sustainability transition in the transportation sector: a case study in Sweden
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Identifying actor and stakeholder complexity for sustainability transition in the transportation sector: a case study in Sweden
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Given its fragmented nature and tendency towards natural monopolies, how to systematically kick off or manage the sustainability transition in the transport sector remains unknown. The Digital Transport Southern Stockholm project established an ideal testbed for sustainable transportation transition within a defined area. As part of the project, this study presented real-life examples of the potential opportunities and challenges in an innovation-driven and sustainability-oriented transportation project. Inspired by the success of participatory approaches in assisting system thinking in the field of business management, this research work combined backcasting and game simulation methods to collect and connect the stakeholder perspectives, further addressing uncertainties and providing guidance for navigating the actor and stakeholder complexities inherent during the transition. The results disclosed the missing top-down and bottom-up dimensions in the traditional decision-making structure and emphasized the crucial role of communication and collaboration between sectors with consistent policies, incentives, and fiscal support.

Keywords
Backcasting, Gaming method, Scenario analysis, Stakeholder engagement, Sustainable transport, Sustainability transition
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering Transport Systems and Logistics
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346186 (URN)
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, 2022/37336
Note

QC 20240508

Available from: 2024-05-06 Created: 2024-05-06 Last updated: 2024-05-08Bibliographically approved
4. Co-creating a road map towards carbon neutral transport sector: a case study in Sweden
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Co-creating a road map towards carbon neutral transport sector: a case study in Sweden
(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The Industry 4.0 era brings new potential to a climate-neutral society with several good technical solutions through digitalization, automation, and electrification. Within the road construction sector, the absence of a "first mover" mechanism, complex stakeholder networks, misaligned incentive structures, shared versus individually owned resources, and a risk-averse mentality all add layers of complexity to adopting advanced technical solutions. Thus, how to effectively kick off a systemic change for innovation and sustainability remains a daunting challenge without a unified answer for the road construction sector, even though ambitious climate goals are often set as part of contracts. Focused on the road project Södertörn Crosslink in Sweden, this study was grounded in a tangible context, enhancing stakeholder involvement and engagement to enable a transition to zero-emission contracting within the road construction sector. It offered a framework based on a combined methodology to lead a participatory approach to identifying challenges, obstacles, and opportunities and together work out a well-founded basis for zero-emission contracting. The findings from this study have resulted in a clear compilation of perspectives that provides insight into possible obstacles to implementation. Through a preliminary system verification and validation assessment, this study has also proposed focus changes and practical models that can continue to be used in the industry to address these hurdles.

Keywords
Backcasting, Road management, Sustainable transition, Stakeholder complexity, System thinking, V-model
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering Transport Systems and Logistics Economics and Business
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-346187 (URN)
Funder
Swedish Transport Administration, 2021/78026
Note

QC 20240508

Available from: 2024-05-06 Created: 2024-05-06 Last updated: 2024-05-08Bibliographically approved

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Liu, Zhuhuan

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