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Desired or contested futures? Competing discourse-coalitions for sustainable aviation in Sweden
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Industrial Economics and Management (Dept.), Sustainability, Industrial Dynamics & Entrepreneurship.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8923-1312
Lund University Centre for Sustainability Studies (LUCSUS), Lund, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-1183-5196
2025 (English)In: Critical Policy Studies, ISSN 1946-0171, E-ISSN 1946-018X, Vol. 19, no 3, p. 414-435Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The future of aviation is a growing subject of debate, with different actors promoting diverse discourses on climate mitigation and sustainability. We employ argumentative discourse analysis to explore competing discourses around the future of aviation in Sweden, focusing empirically on the aviation industry and the flight-free movement. Drawing on thirty interviews, one workshop, and forty-three documents, we show how these actor groups represent two discourse-coalitions that articulate opposing discourses on the future of aviation: ‘Green flying’ and ‘Staying on the ground’. Following a logic of (techno)solutionism, Green flying anticipates aviation to maintain a dominant role in society and assures that technological progress will overcome the sector’s climate concerns in the future. Meanwhile, Staying on the ground follows a logic of prefiguration to demonstrate the desirability of an alternative and less aeromobile future, with actors embodying new norms and practices around avoiding flying in the present. The paper contributes to research in critical policy studies by demonstrating how actors with conflicting interests, values, and worldviews imagine and engage with futures differently in their attempts to shape transition pathways and policy-making in the present.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited , 2025. Vol. 19, no 3, p. 414-435
Keywords [en]
Climate change Sustainability transitions Futures Aeromobility Storylines
National Category
Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Research subject
Industrial Economics and Management
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-353352DOI: 10.1080/19460171.2024.2402785ISI: 001313428600001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85204065462OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-353352DiVA, id: diva2:1898748
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 50332-1Swedish Research Council Formas, 2018-01190
Note

QC 20260123

Available from: 2024-09-18 Created: 2024-09-18 Last updated: 2026-01-23Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Transitions in-the-making: Towards a performative understanding of sustainability in Swedish aviation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Transitions in-the-making: Towards a performative understanding of sustainability in Swedish aviation
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Research on sustainability transitions offers valuable insights into systemic change across societal systems like energy, mobility, and buildings. These systems, heavily reliant on fossil fuels, now face mounting climate consequences and require fundamental reconfigurations in their modes of production, distribution, and consumption. Yet much of the research field treats sustainability as a pre-existing, stable endpoint, often defined through fixed goals, metrics, or policy targets, which risks obscuring the inherently contested and political nature of sustainability itself.

In response, this thesis advances a performative understanding of sustainability, viewing it not as a fixed target but as continuously enacted, negotiated, and contested through discursive and material practices. Swedish aviation provides a compelling case to explore this perspective. Whilst celebrated for its environmental leadership, Sweden ranks amongst the highest globally for per capita aviation emissions, highlighting deep tensions between global connectivity and climate responsibility.

Drawing on four papers, the thesis examines how competing understandings of sustainability are enacted and contested through transition efforts in Swedish aviation. Paper I reviews mitigation strategies and policy developments. Papers II and III explore how industry actors perform sustainability through narratives and technological innovation. Paper IV analyses the discursive conflict between the aviation industry and the flight-free movement, revealing deeper struggles over what sustainability should mean and require.

This thesis offers an empirical account of two competing discourse-coalitions—Green flying and Staying on the ground. Each advances divergent visions, narratives, and practices that shape the trajectory of aviation’s transition. Conceptually and methodologically, it advances a performative, narrative-oriented approach that foregrounds the politics of meaning-making in transitions. This perspective highlights the complexity of sustainability transitions and calls for more reflexive, pluralistic, and open-ended forms of governance—holding space for disagreement, fostering experimentation, and acknowledging that transitions are ever in-the-making.

Abstract [sv]

Forskning om hållbarhetsomställningar erbjuder värdefulla insikter i systemförändringar inom samhällsområden såsom energi, mobilitet och byggnation. Dessa sektorer, som är starkt beroende av fossila bränslen, står nu inför växande klimatutmaningar. Sådana omställningar innebär i grunden att produktion, distribution och konsumtion omformas för att upprätthålla centrala samhällsfunktioner. Emellertid tenderar fältet ofta att betrakta hållbarhet som ett förutbestämt och stabilt slutmål, definierat genom fasta mål, indikatorer eller politiska riktmärken. Detta riskerar att dölja hållbarhetens inneboende politiska och omtvistade karaktär.

Denna avhandling utvecklar i stället en performativ förståelse av hållbarhet, där hållbarhet ses som något som ständigt iscensätts, förhandlas och bestrids genom diskursiva och materiella praktiker. Svenskt flyg utgör ett intressant fall för att undersöka detta perspektiv. Trots landets rykte som miljöföregångare har Sverige bland de högsta flygutsläppen per capita i världen, vilket blottlägger spänningar mellan global rörlighet och klimatansvar.

Baserat på fyra artiklar analyseras i avhandlingen hur olika förståelser av hållbarhet skapas och utmanas genom omställningsinsatser i svensk flygsektor. Den första artikeln granskar klimatstrategier och politiska ramverk. De två följande artiklarna utforskar hur branschaktörer gestaltar hållbarhet genom narrativ och teknikutveckling. Artikel fyra analyserar den diskursiva konflikten mellan flygindustrin och flygfrittrörelsen, vilket blottlägger djupare strider om vad hållbarhet bör innebära och kräva.

Avhandlingen presenterar en detaljerad empirisk analys av två diskurskoalitioner—Grönt flyg och Stanna på marken—som representerar motstridiga visioner, narrativ och praktiker som formar flygets omställning. Konceptuellt och metodologiskt bidrar avhandlingen med ett performativt och narrativt inriktat tillvägagångssätt som synliggör de politiska dimensionerna av meningsskapande i omställningsprocesser. Detta perspektiv framhäver komplexiteten i hållbarhetsomställningar och efterlyser mer reflexiva, pluralistiska och öppna styrformer—där utrymme ges för oenighet, experimenterande och ett erkännande av att omställningar alltid är i rörelse.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 169
Series
TRITA-ITM-AVL ; 2025:34
National Category
Science and Technology Studies
Research subject
Industrial Economics and Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-369846 (URN)978-91-8106-374-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-10-17, https://kth-se.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_Nam48OD4Q0edKJ40_-56uA, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Energy Agency, 50332-1
Available from: 2025-09-16 Created: 2025-09-15 Last updated: 2025-10-08Bibliographically approved

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