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A comparison method for the fractional Laplacian and applications
Department of Mathematics, Uppsala University, S-751 06 Uppsala, Sweden.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mathematics (Dept.), Analysis, Dynamics, Geometry, Number Theory and PDE.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0490-5205
2024 (English)In: Advances in Mathematics, ISSN 0001-8708, E-ISSN 1090-2082, Vol. 457, article id 109901Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We study the boundary behavior of solutions to fractional Laplacian. As the first result, the isolation of the first eigenvalue of the fractional Lane-Emden equation is proved in the bounded open sets with Wiener regular boundary. Then, a generalized Hopf's lemma and a global boundary Harnack inequality are proved for the fractional Laplacian.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Academic Press Inc. , 2024. Vol. 457, article id 109901
Keywords [en]
Fractional Laplacian, Hopf's Lemma, Nonlinear eigenvalue problems
National Category
Mathematical Analysis Computational Mathematics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-353477DOI: 10.1016/j.aim.2024.109901ISI: 001316449100001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85202481846OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-353477DiVA, id: diva2:1899152
Note

QC 20241009

Available from: 2024-09-19 Created: 2024-09-19 Last updated: 2025-11-20Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Topics in nonlocal and nonlinear equations
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Topics in nonlocal and nonlinear equations
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis is concerned with some qualitative properties of solutions to nonlocal equations. Nonlocal equations, as opposed to local equations such as the Laplace equation, also take into account long-range interac- tions. We are in particular interested in regularity properties, symmetry properties, and boundary behavior of solutions.The thesis includes an introduction, a summary of the results and four papers. All of the papers treat some nonlocal equation. In paper A, we study a parabolic equation involving the fractional p-Laplace op- erator with p ≥ 2. We obtain a scaling critical modulus of continuity for the equations with some right-hand side as well as a local bounded- ness result. In paper B, we study the problem of isolation of the first eigenvalue for an eigenvalue problem involving the fractional Laplace operator, which is related to a fractional Poincaré-type inequality. As a by-product, we also obtain a boundary Harnack principle. Paper C concerns a Morrey type inequality for the fractional Sobolev spaces and the associated extremal functions. We establish existence, some sym- metry properties and we show that the extremal functions have a limit at infinity. Paper D is also a study of a parabolic equation involving the fractional p-Laplace operator. In contrast to the first paper, we deal with the case p < 2. We obtain a modulus of continuity for equations with a bounded right-hand side.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling berör kvalitativa egenskaper hos lösningar av icke- lokala ekvationer. Till skillnad från lokala ekvationer såsom Laplace ek- vation, tar dessa ekvationer hänsyn till funktioners globala beteende. Vi är interesserade av egenskaper som regularitet, symmetri och randbete- ende hos lösningar.Denna avhandling består av en introduktion, en sammanfattning av resultaten och fyra artiklar. Alla artiklar behandlar någon form av icke-lokal ekvation. I artikel A studerar vi paraboliska ekvationer som involverar den fraktionella p-Laplace-operatorn för p ≥ 2. Vi visar att lösningar till den inhomogena ekvationen är lokalt begränsade och Höl- derkontinuerliga, med en explicit Hölderexponent som beror på högerle- dets integrabilitet. I artikel B studerar vi första egenvärdet för en frak- tionell Poincaré-olikhet och visar att det är isolerat. Som en följd av våra resultat erhåller vi även en randanpassad Harnack-olikhet. Artikel C behandlar en fraktionell version av Morreys olikhet och dess extre- maler. Vi visar existens, vissa symmetriegenskaper och att extremalerna har ett gränsvärde i oändligheten. Artikel D innehåller även den en stu- die av paraboliska ekvationer som involverar den fraktionella p-Laplace- operatorn, men till skillnad från den första artikeln behandlar vi fallet p < 2 och här antas högerledet vara begränsat. Vi visar att lösningar är Hölderkontinuerliga, med en explicit Hölderexponent.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2025:57
Keywords
Fractional p-Laplacian, nonlocal equations, regularity theory, functional inequalities, Ickelokal p-Laplace, ickelokala ekvationer, regularitetsteori, funktionalolikheter
National Category
Mathematical Analysis
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-373164 (URN)978-91-8106-425-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-12-09, F3, Lindstedvägen 26, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2023-03471
Note

QC-2025-11-20

Available from: 2025-11-20 Created: 2025-11-20 Last updated: 2025-11-24Bibliographically approved

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Tavakoli, Alireza

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