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Hierarchical adsorption at hair-mimetic interfaces: A neutron reflectivity study
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-3528-5344
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Sustainable development
SDG 12: Responsible consumption and production, SDG 13: Climate action, SDG 14: Life below water, SDG 15: Life on land
Abstract [en]

Formulating a shampoo is a complex process that has to consider not only the diverse physicochemical properties of the hair fibre but also customers’ needs. For this reason, shampoos normally contain surfactants as cleansing base, polyelectrolytes for a conditioning effect and several additives. The existing products had years of optimization, but the current environmental issues require the cosmetic industry to switch to more sustainable formulations. To replace traditional ingredients with eco-friendly, bio-sourced ones, a detailed knowledge of the interactions happening at the hair surface is essential. This PhD project aimed at contributing to this knowledge by using neutron reflectometry (NR) to study the adsorption of model compounds to hair-mimetic surfaces. The advantage of NR over other surface techniques is its ability to characterize buried interfaces and define a hierarchy of adsorption from mixtures. The biomimetic models can be tuned to reproduce the hair surface in different conditions. A healthy fibre is hydrophobic, as it is covered by a layer of lipids, the main one being 18-methyleicosanoic acid (18-MEA), which has a characteristic methyl branch and is the subject of several studies due to its interesting properties. Due to weathering, ageing, or treatments like bleaching, the lipid layer can be damaged, and a hydrophilic surface is exposed. This modifies the interaction of the hair fibre with components of hair-care products. Complementing NR with other surface techniques, specific adsorption behaviours have been identified, addressing factors such as surface hydrophobicity, surfactant charge or polyelectrolyte size. Results indicate that, for example, the presence of the methyl branch of 18-MEA modifies the surface properties compared to a layer of straight chain lipids, or that a fully damaged hair model surface unexpectedly adsorbs a bilayer of anionic surfactant, thanks to the balancing of several factors playing a role in the interaction.  

Abstract [sv]

Att formulera ett schampo är en komplex process som inte bara måste ta hänsyn till hårfiberns olika fysikalisk-kemiska egenskaper utan också till kundernas behov. Därför innehåller schampon normalt tensider som rengörande bas, polyelektrolyter för en vårdande effekt och flera tillsatser. De befintliga produkterna har optimerats under många år, men de aktuella miljöfrågorna kräver att kosmetikaindustrin byter till mer hållbara formuleringar. För att kunna ersätta traditionella med miljövänliga, biologiskt framställda ingredienser krävs detaljerad kunskap om de interaktioner som sker på hårets yta. Detta doktorandprojekt syftade till att bidra till denna kunskap genom att använda neutronreflektometri (NR) för att studera adsorptionen av modellföreningar till hårmimetiska ytor. Fördelen med NR jämfört med andra yttekniker är dess förmåga att karakterisera begravda gränssnitt och definiera en hierarki av adsorption från blandningar. De biomimetiska modellerna kan ställas in för att återge hårytan under olika förhållanden. En frisk fiber är hydrofob, eftersom den är täckt av ett lager lipider, varav den viktigaste är 18-metyleicosanoic acid (18-MEA), som har en karakteristisk metylgren och är föremål för flera studier på grund av sina intressanta egenskaper. På grund av vittring, åldrande eller behandlingar som blekning kan lipidlagret skadas och en hydrofil yta exponeras. Detta förändrar hårfiberns interaktion med komponenter i hårvårdsprodukter. Genom att komplettera NR med andra yttekniker har specifika adsorptionsbeteenden identifierats, med hänsyn till faktorer som ytans hydrofobicitet, ytaktiva ämnenas laddning eller polyelektrolyternas storlek. Resultaten visar t.ex. att närvaron av metylgrenen i 18-MEA förändrar ytegenskaperna jämfört med ett lager av rakkedjiga lipider, eller att en helt skadad hårmodellyta oväntat adsorberar ett tvåskikt av anjoniskt ytaktivt ämne, tack vare en balansering av flera faktorer som spelar en roll i interaktionen.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024. , p. 66
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2024:50
Keywords [en]
Cosmetics, Neutron Reflectometry, Adsorption, Surfactants, Polyelectrolytes
Keywords [sv]
Kosmetika, Neutronreflektometri, Adsorption, Tensider, Polyelektrolyter
National Category
Physical Chemistry
Research subject
Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-355863ISBN: 978-91-8106-108-6 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-355863DiVA, id: diva2:1910462
Public defence
2024-11-29, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 6, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/61929299590, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
EU, Horizon 2020, 847439Swedish Research Council, 2022-04614
Note

QC 20241105

Available from: 2024-11-05 Created: 2024-11-04 Last updated: 2026-01-13Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Mimicking the hair surface for neutron reflectometry
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2024 (English)In: Soft Matter, ISSN 1744-683X, E-ISSN 1744-6848, Vol. 20, no 38, p. 7634-7645Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The surface of human hair is normally hydrophobic as it is covered by a lipid layer, mainly composed of 18-methyleicosanoic acid (18-MEA). When the hair is damaged, this layer can be partially or fully removed and more hydrophilic, mainly negatively charged surfaces are formed with a wide variety of physical and chemical characteristics. The cosmetic industry is currently embracing the opportunity of increasing the sustainability of their hair-care products whilst improving product performance. To do this, it is vital to have a deeper understanding of the hair surface and how it interacts with hair-care ingredients. This work contributes to this by harnessing the potential of neutron reflectometry (NR) with scattering contrast variation to describe hierarchical adsorption. Three types of hair-mimetic surfaces have been produced: two “healthy hair” models to probe the role of lipid structure, and one “damaged hair” model, to consider the effect of the surface charge. Adsorption of hair-care ingredients has then been studied. The results for these relatively short lipid models indicate that a methyl branch has little effect on adsorption. The “damaged hair” studies, however, reveal the unexpected apparent adsorption of an anionic surfactant to a negative surface. This preferential adsorption of the otherwise solubilised neutral components demonstrates a facile route to selectively deliver a protective film on a damaged hair fibre, without the need for a cationic species. On a more general note, this study also demonstrates the feasibility of using NR to characterize such complex systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Royal Society of Chemistry (RSC), 2024
National Category
Chemical Sciences
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-354900 (URN)10.1039/d4sm00784k (DOI)001314487500001 ()39291556 (PubMedID)2-s2.0-85205603771 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20241018

Available from: 2024-10-16 Created: 2024-10-16 Last updated: 2024-11-04Bibliographically approved
2. Adsorption hierarchy of surfactants and polymers to a damaged hair model: effect of composition, order and polymer size
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Chemistry Topics
Research subject
Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-355860 (URN)
Note

QC 20241105

Available from: 2024-11-04 Created: 2024-11-04 Last updated: 2024-11-05Bibliographically approved
3. Adsorption of surfactants and polymers to biomimetic hair model surfaces
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Adsorption of surfactants and polymers to biomimetic hair model surfaces
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Chemistry Topics
Research subject
Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-355861 (URN)
Note

QC 20241105

Available from: 2024-11-04 Created: 2024-11-04 Last updated: 2026-02-26Bibliographically approved
4. Washing your hair with neutrons
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Washing your hair with neutrons
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Other Chemistry Topics
Research subject
Chemistry
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-355862 (URN)
Note

QC 20241105

Available from: 2024-11-04 Created: 2024-11-04 Last updated: 2024-11-05Bibliographically approved

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