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Effect of Thermal Processing on the Structural and Magnetic Properties of Epitaxial Co2FeGe Films
Institute of Physics for Advanced Materials, Nanotechnology and Photonics (IFIMUP), Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Nano Physics. Institute of Magnetism National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine and Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine, 36-B Vernadsky Blvd., Kyiv, 03142, Ukraine; Institute of Spintronics and Quantum Information, Faculty of Physics Adam, Mickiewicz University, 61-712 Poznan, Poland.
Institute of Physics for Advanced Materials, Nanotechnology and Photonics (IFIMUP), Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal; Department of Nanoelectronics and Surface Modification, Sumy State University, 40007 Sumy, Ukraine.
Institute of Physics for Advanced Materials, Nanotechnology and Photonics (IFIMUP), Departamento de Fisica e Astronomia, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade do Porto, Porto, 4169-007, Portugal.
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2024 (English)In: Nanomaterials, E-ISSN 2079-4991, Vol. 14, no 21, article id 1745Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The structure and magnetic properties of epitaxial Heusler alloy films (Co2FeGe) deposited on MgO (100) substrates were investigated. Films of 60 nm thickness were prepared by magnetron co-sputtering at different substrate temperatures (TS), and those deposited at room temperature were later annealed at various temperatures (Ta). X-ray diffraction confirmed (001) [110] Co2FeGe || (001) [100] MgO epitaxial growth. A slight tetragonal distortion of the film cubic structure was found in all samples due to the tensile stress induced by the mismatch of the lattice parameters between Co2FeGe and the substrate. Improved quality of epitaxy and the formation of an atomically ordered L21 structure were observed for films processed at elevated temperatures. The values of magnetization increased with increasing TS and Ta. Ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) studies revealed 45° in-plane rotation of the easy anisotropy axis direction depending on the degree of the tetragonal distortion. The film annealed at Ta = 573 K possesses the minimal FMR linewidth and magnetic damping, while both these parameters increase for another TS and Ta. Overall, this study underscores the crucial role of thermal treatment in optimizing the magnetic properties of Co2FeGe films for potential spintronic and magnonic applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
MDPI AG , 2024. Vol. 14, no 21, article id 1745
Keywords [en]
ferromagnetic resonance, Heusler alloys, magnetostatic properties, thin films
National Category
Condensed Matter Physics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-356670DOI: 10.3390/nano14211745ISI: 001351759400001PubMedID: 39513825Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85208448293OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-356670DiVA, id: diva2:1914841
Note

QC 20241202

Available from: 2024-11-20 Created: 2024-11-20 Last updated: 2025-07-01Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Magnetic properties of Ni(Co)MnSn and Co2FeGe Heusler alloys and Al-substituted garnets
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Magnetic properties of Ni(Co)MnSn and Co2FeGe Heusler alloys and Al-substituted garnets
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis is a study of the static and dynamic magnetic properties of Heusler alloys and substituted yttrium iron garnets (YIG) using magnetometry, ferromagnetic resonance (FMR), and Brillouin light scattering (BLS) measurement techniques, in combination with other structural and chemical analysis methods. The following main research results were obtained.

Epitaxial films of magnetic shape memory alloy Ni(Co)MnSn were found to undergo at 270 K a martensitic phase transformation from the cubic austenitic phase to a twinned orthorhombic martensitic phase, which is accompanied by a 3-fold splitting of the FMR in the system. The additional resonance lines were explained as due to weak antiferromagnetic coupling of the ferromagnetic twins across twin boundaries, which makes the submicron-twinned martensite phase resemble an artificial antiferromagnetic superlattice. The elastic energy balance of the film/substrate interface was found to result in the formation of a submicron, stripe-like, periodical structure of twins, which is of interest for spintronic and magnonic applications. 

Epitaxial films of full Heusler alloy Co2FeGe were investigated in terms of their structure and magnetic properties. Improved quality of epitaxy, formation of an atomically ordered L21 phase, increased magnetization, and reduced spin damping were observed for films processed at elevated temperature. BLS and FMR experiments showed that room temperature deposition followed by annealing yields the highest magnetization, exchange stiffness, and lowest spin damping in the material, which are important characteristics for high-speed spintronic devices. Strong hybridization of the spin waves modes in the Damon-Eshbach geometry was found in the BLS dispersion data, which is promising for applications in magnonic waveguides and logic devices.

Magnetometry of Al-substituted YIG (Y3AlFe4O12) revealed a sharp rise in magnetic anisotropy below 150 K, while the saturation magnetization, exchange and spin-wave stiffness change only slightly. Using FMR we determined the effective magnetization, anisotropy, resonance field, spin damping, as well as their temperature dependence -- key parameters governing the spin dynamics in the material, important for its applications in high-speed circuits operating at room and cryogenic temperatures.

Abstract [sv]

Detta avhandlingsarbete är en studie av de statiska och dynamiska magnetiska egenskaperna hos Heusler-legeringar och substituerade yttriumjärngranater (YIG) med hjälp av magnetometri, ferromagnetisk resonans (FMR), och Brillouin-ljusspridning (BLS) mättekniker, i kombination med andra strukturella och kemiska analysmetoder. Följande huvudsakliga forskningsresultat erhölls.

Epitaxiella filmer av magnetisk formminneslegering Ni(Co)MnSn befanns genomgå en martensitisk fastransformation vid 270 K från den kubiska austenitiska fasen till en tvillingortorombisk martensitisk fas, som åtföljs av en 3-faldig delning av FMR i systemet . De ytterligare resonanslinjerna förklarades bero på svag antiferromagnetisk koppling av de ferromagnetiska tvillingarna över tvillinggränserna, vilket gör att den submikron tvilling-martensitfasen liknar ett artificiellt antiferromagnetiskt supergitter. Den elastiska energibalansen för film/substrat-gränsytan visade sig resultera i bildandet av en submikronisk, randliknande periodisk struktur hos tvillingar, vilket är av intresse för spintroniska och magnoniska tillämpningar.

Strukturen och magnetiska egenskaperna hos epitaxiella Heusler-lege-ringsfilmer Co2FeGe deponerade på MgO-substrat undersöktes. Förbättrad kvalitet på epitaxi, bildning av en atomiskt ordnad L21-fas, ökad magnetisering och minskad spinndämpning observerades för filmer som glödgades vid förhöjd temperatur. BLS- och FMR-mätningar visade att deponering vid rumstemperatur följt av glödgning ger högsta magnetisering, exchange-stiffness och lägsta spinndämpning i filmerna, vilket är önskvärda egenskaper för spinntroniska höghastighetskretsar. Stark hybridisering av spinnvågor i Damon-Eshbach-geometrin observerades, vilket är attraktivt för tillämpningar i magnoniska signalbehandlingskretsar.

Magnetometri av Al-substituerad YIG (Y3AlFe4O12) visade en kraftig ökning av magnetisk anisotropi under 150 K, medan mättnadsmagnetisering, exchange-stiffness och spinnvågs-stiffness endast ändras något. Med hjälp av FMR fastställde vi den effektiva magnetiseringen, anisotropikonstanten, resonansfältet, spinndämpningskonstanten, såväl som deras temperaturberoende - nyckelparametrar som styr spindynamiken i materialet, viktiga för dess tillämpningar i höghastighetskretsar som arbetar i rum och kryogena temperaturer.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 64
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2025:07
Keywords
magnetization, spin dynamics, Heusler alloys, substituted garnets, magnetisering, spinndynamik, Heusler-legeringar, substituerade granater
National Category
Nanotechnology for Material Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-365912 (URN)978-91-8106-196-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-04-11, 4205, AlbanoHus3, Albanovagen 29, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
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Supervisors
Projects
SSF UKR24-0002
Note

QC 20250703

Available from: 2025-07-03 Created: 2025-07-01 Last updated: 2025-07-17Bibliographically approved

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