Mixed integer nonlinear programming (MINLP) in chemical engineering originated as a tool for solving optimal process synthesis and design problems. Since then, the application of MINLP has expanded to encompass control and operational decisions that are in line with the arising challenges faced by the industry, e.g., sustainability, competitive markets, and volatile supply chain environments. Nowadays, process plants are transitioning from traditional manufacturing practices to automated solutions able to integrate decision-making within manufacturing enterprises. This paradigm shift aims to increase profits, optimize resource utilization efficiency, promote long-term sustainability, minimize waste, and enhance responsiveness under uncertainties and perturbations. Accordingly, the development of reliable, computationally efficient, and robust MINLP algorithms capable of simultaneously handling process design, planning, scheduling, or control decisions are crucial to achieving Industry 4.0 integration goals. This work explores potential research opportunities and recent advances toward the development of integrated decision-making frameworks, focusing on their underlying state-of-the-art optimization tools. We provide an overview of emerging deterministic MINLP optimization algorithms for simultaneous decision-making problems. Furthermore, we constructively discuss the versatility and limitations of these optimization tools. We also highlight how novel optimization theories, both within and outside the chemical engineering domain, can be incorporated into advanced MINLP frameworks suitable for process integration.