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Preserving silicon purity through efficient aluminum and silver extraction and recovery from solar cell waste
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Resource Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4585-788X
Faculty of Civil Engineering and Resource Management, Department of Environmental Engineering, AGH University of Krakow, Al. A. Mickiewicza 30, 30-059, Kraków, Poland.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2094-7125
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemical Engineering, Resource recovery.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3239-5188
Chalmers University of Technology, Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Nuclear Chemistry and Industrial Materials Recycling, Gothenburg, SE-412 96, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0737-0835
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2025 (English)In: Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells, ISSN 0927-0248, E-ISSN 1879-3398, Vol. 287, article id 113601Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The large scale deployment of Si PV panels presents significant end-of-life challenges due to their limited lifespan. Effective recycling strategies are crucial to reduce the environmental impact and recovering valuable metals. This study presents a simple yet highly efficient two-stage chemical process to preserve Si purity by sequential extraction of Al and Ag from discarded Si solar cells. In the first stage, Al was dissolved with sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and then precipitated by adjusting the pH with sulfuric acid (H2SO4). In the second stage, the Ag was extracted with nitric acid (HNO3), precipitated with sodium chloride (NaCl), and then reduced to metallic Ag with a glucose. Under optimized conditions, the recovery efficiency for Al and Ag was over 99 %, while the resulting Si substrate reached a purity of >99.9 %. ICP-OES, XRF, XRD, and SEM-EDS confirmed the recovered materials' high selectivity and negligible impurities, highlighting their potential for high-value industrial applications.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2025. Vol. 287, article id 113601
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Separation Processes
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URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-362104DOI: 10.1016/j.solmat.2025.113601Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105001805318OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-362104DiVA, id: diva2:1950478
Note

QC 20250409

Available from: 2025-04-07 Created: 2025-04-07 Last updated: 2025-04-16Bibliographically approved

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Forsberg, Kerstin

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Wahman, MustaphaSurowiak, AgnieszkaForsberg, KerstinEbin, BurçakBerent, KatarzynaSzymczak, Patryk
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