Satellite-Based ITS Data Offloading & Computation in 6G Networks: A Cooperative Multi-Agent Proximal Policy Optimization DRL With Attention ApproachShow others and affiliations
2024 (English)In: IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing, ISSN 1536-1233, E-ISSN 1558-0660, Vol. 23, no 5, p. 4956-4974Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]
The proliferation of intelligent transportation systems (ITS) has led to increasing demand for diverse network applications. However, conventional terrestrial access networks (TANs) are inadequate in accommodating various applications for remote ITS nodes, i.e., airplanes and ships. In contrast, satellite access networks (SANs) offer supplementary support for TANs, in terms of coverage flexibility and availability. In this study, we propose a novel approach to ITS data offloading and computation services based on SANs. We use low-Earth orbit (LEO) and cube satellites (CubeSats) as independent mobile edge computing (MEC) servers that schedule the processing of data generated by ITS nodes. To optimize offloading task selection, computing, and bandwidth resource allocation for different satellite servers, we formulate a joint delay and rental price minimization problem that is mixed-integer non-linear programming (MINLP) and NP-hard. We propose a cooperative multi-agent proximal policy optimization (Co-MAPPO) deep reinforcement learning (DRL) approach with an attention mechanism to deal with intelligent offloading decisions. We also decompose the remaining subproblem into three independent subproblems for resource allocation and use convex optimization techniques to obtain their optimal closed-form analytical solutions. We conduct extensive simulations and compare our proposed approach to baselines, resulting in performance improvements of 9.9%, 5.2%, and 4.2%, respectively.
Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2024. Vol. 23, no 5, p. 4956-4974
Keywords [en]
attention mechanism, cooperative multi-agent proximal policy optimization, deep reinforcement learning, intelligent transportation systems, mobile edge computing, Satellite access networks
National Category
Telecommunications Communication Systems Computer Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-366938DOI: 10.1109/TMC.2023.3300314ISI: 001198016900036Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85166772430OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-366938DiVA, id: diva2:1983550
Note
QC 20250711
2025-07-112025-07-112025-12-05Bibliographically approved