The adoption of 3D printing (3DP) in concrete construction offers a transformative approach to structural optimization, particularly in Sweden’s prefabrication industry. This study integrates physical testing and numerical simulations to assess the mechanical performance of 3D printed concrete (3DPC). Experimental results highlight the anisotropic behavior of printed structures, emphasizing the need for tailored print paths to enhance structural stability. Numerical simulations using continuum models further validate these findings, providing insights into failure mechanisms. The outcomes contribute to the development of optimized printing strategies for real-world applications, such as staircases and stormwater systems.