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How to make closed-back headphones transparent for avocalist’s own direct sound
King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand. (Institute of Music, Science and Engineering)ORCID iD: 0009-0005-7459-2269
King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand. (Institute of Music, Science and Engineering)
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Speech, Music and Hearing, TMH. King Mongkut's Institute of Technology Ladkrabang, Bangkok, Thailand. (Music Acoustics)ORCID iD: 0009-0002-2931-3871
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Speech, Music and Hearing, TMH. (Music Acoustics)
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2025 (English)Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

In stage acoustics research, it is common to use virtual acoustic environments over headphones to simulate various room conditions for musicians. When experiments are conducted in suboptimal physical environments (e.g., withoutan anechoic chamber), it is often challenging to reduce the inherent reverberation of the test room while ensuring that musicians can hear their own direct sound through the headphones as if the headphones were transparent. In the present study, two methods were developed and tested using an acoustic dummy head, with the aim of faithfully replicating the direct sound of a solo singer over a pair of closed-back headphones. The results showed that the first method - creating and applying an exact finite-impulse-response (FIR) filter - may lead to undesirable effects, primarily due to the inherent delay of the playback system. The second method, which utilized a multiband equalizer, proved more effective when evaluated with stationary broadband noise. For non-stationary, real-world sounds such as singing and speaking voices, the comparison between the reference sound and the signal processed by the multiband equalizer remained reasonably accurate, with differences typically less than ~1 dB across much of the frequency range. Future work may further refine and evaluate the proposed methods through listening tests.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Audio Engineering Society, Inc., 2025. p. 8-, article id 371
Series
AES E-Library
Keywords [en]
singing, headphones, hearing-of-self, acoustic transparency
National Category
Signal Processing Music Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Speech and Music Communication
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-373098OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-373098DiVA, id: diva2:2014564
Conference
AES 159th Convention 2025 October 23–25, Long Beach, CA, USA
Note

AES 159th Convention Express Paper 371.

This study was supported by the King Mongkut’s Institute of Technology Ladkrabang research grant (KREF046818), the Karl Engver Foundation, and OCSC, Thailand. 

QC 20251219

Available from: 2025-11-18 Created: 2025-11-18 Last updated: 2025-12-19Bibliographically approved

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https://aes2.org/publications/elibrary-page/?id=23045

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Alfredsson, JakobTernström, Sten

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