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Topics in nonlocal and nonlinear equations
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Mathematics (Dept.). (Analysis, Dynamics, Number Theory and PDE)ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0490-5205
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis is concerned with some qualitative properties of solutions to nonlocal equations. Nonlocal equations, as opposed to local equations such as the Laplace equation, also take into account long-range interac- tions. We are in particular interested in regularity properties, symmetry properties, and boundary behavior of solutions.The thesis includes an introduction, a summary of the results and four papers. All of the papers treat some nonlocal equation. In paper A, we study a parabolic equation involving the fractional p-Laplace op- erator with p ≥ 2. We obtain a scaling critical modulus of continuity for the equations with some right-hand side as well as a local bounded- ness result. In paper B, we study the problem of isolation of the first eigenvalue for an eigenvalue problem involving the fractional Laplace operator, which is related to a fractional Poincaré-type inequality. As a by-product, we also obtain a boundary Harnack principle. Paper C concerns a Morrey type inequality for the fractional Sobolev spaces and the associated extremal functions. We establish existence, some sym- metry properties and we show that the extremal functions have a limit at infinity. Paper D is also a study of a parabolic equation involving the fractional p-Laplace operator. In contrast to the first paper, we deal with the case p < 2. We obtain a modulus of continuity for equations with a bounded right-hand side.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling berör kvalitativa egenskaper hos lösningar av icke- lokala ekvationer. Till skillnad från lokala ekvationer såsom Laplace ek- vation, tar dessa ekvationer hänsyn till funktioners globala beteende. Vi är interesserade av egenskaper som regularitet, symmetri och randbete- ende hos lösningar.Denna avhandling består av en introduktion, en sammanfattning av resultaten och fyra artiklar. Alla artiklar behandlar någon form av icke-lokal ekvation. I artikel A studerar vi paraboliska ekvationer som involverar den fraktionella p-Laplace-operatorn för p ≥ 2. Vi visar att lösningar till den inhomogena ekvationen är lokalt begränsade och Höl- derkontinuerliga, med en explicit Hölderexponent som beror på högerle- dets integrabilitet. I artikel B studerar vi första egenvärdet för en frak- tionell Poincaré-olikhet och visar att det är isolerat. Som en följd av våra resultat erhåller vi även en randanpassad Harnack-olikhet. Artikel C behandlar en fraktionell version av Morreys olikhet och dess extre- maler. Vi visar existens, vissa symmetriegenskaper och att extremalerna har ett gränsvärde i oändligheten. Artikel D innehåller även den en stu- die av paraboliska ekvationer som involverar den fraktionella p-Laplace- operatorn, men till skillnad från den första artikeln behandlar vi fallet p < 2 och här antas högerledet vara begränsat. Vi visar att lösningar är Hölderkontinuerliga, med en explicit Hölderexponent.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025.
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2025:57
Keywords [en]
Fractional p-Laplacian, nonlocal equations, regularity theory, functional inequalities
Keywords [sv]
Ickelokal p-Laplace, ickelokala ekvationer, regularitetsteori, funktionalolikheter
National Category
Mathematical Analysis
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-373164ISBN: 978-91-8106-425-4 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-373164DiVA, id: diva2:2015226
Public defence
2025-12-09, F3, Lindstedvägen 26, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council, 2023-03471
Note

QC-2025-11-20

Available from: 2025-11-20 Created: 2025-11-20 Last updated: 2025-11-24Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. A perturbative approach to Hölder continuity of solutions to a nonlocal p-parabolic equation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A perturbative approach to Hölder continuity of solutions to a nonlocal p-parabolic equation
2024 (English)In: Journal of evolution equations (Printed ed.), ISSN 1424-3199, E-ISSN 1424-3202, Vol. 24, no 2, article id 27Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We study local boundedness and Hölder continuity of a parabolic equation involving the fractional p-Laplacian of order s, with 0<s<1, 2≤p<∞, with a general right-hand side. We focus on obtaining precise Hölder continuity estimates. The proof is based on a perturbative argument using the already known Hölder continuity estimate for solutions to the equation with zero right-hand side.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature, 2024
Keywords
35K55, 35K65, 35R11, Fractional p-Laplacian, Local Hölder regularity, Nonlocal diffusion
National Category
Mathematical Analysis
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-366807 (URN)10.1007/s00028-024-00949-8 (DOI)001186524700012 ()2-s2.0-85187920953 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20250710

Available from: 2025-07-10 Created: 2025-07-10 Last updated: 2025-11-20Bibliographically approved
2. A comparison method for the fractional Laplacian and applications
Open this publication in new window or tab >>A comparison method for the fractional Laplacian and applications
2024 (English)In: Advances in Mathematics, ISSN 0001-8708, E-ISSN 1090-2082, Vol. 457, article id 109901Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

We study the boundary behavior of solutions to fractional Laplacian. As the first result, the isolation of the first eigenvalue of the fractional Lane-Emden equation is proved in the bounded open sets with Wiener regular boundary. Then, a generalized Hopf's lemma and a global boundary Harnack inequality are proved for the fractional Laplacian.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Academic Press Inc., 2024
Keywords
Fractional Laplacian, Hopf's Lemma, Nonlinear eigenvalue problems
National Category
Mathematical Analysis Computational Mathematics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-353477 (URN)10.1016/j.aim.2024.109901 (DOI)001316449100001 ()2-s2.0-85202481846 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20241009

Available from: 2024-09-19 Created: 2024-09-19 Last updated: 2025-11-20Bibliographically approved
3. Extremal functions for a fractional Morrey inequality: Symmetry properties and limit at infinity
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Extremal functions for a fractional Morrey inequality: Symmetry properties and limit at infinity
2024 (English)In: ANNALES FENNICI MATHEMATICI, ISSN 2737-0690, Vol. 49, no 1, p. 349-385Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In a series of articles, Hynd and Seuffert have studied extremal functions for the Morrey inequality. Building upon their work, we study the extremals of a Morrey-type inequality for fractional Sobolev spaces. We verify a few of the results in the spirit of Hynd and Seuffert concerning the symmetry of extremals and their limit at infinity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Finnish Mathematical Society, 2024
Keywords
Fractional Sobolev spaces, H & ouml, lder spaces, Morrey's inequality, fractional p- Laplacian, Perron solutions
National Category
Mathematical Analysis
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-349605 (URN)10.54330/afm.146266 (DOI)001246739600002 ()2-s2.0-85197466310 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20250702

Available from: 2024-07-02 Created: 2024-07-02 Last updated: 2025-11-20Bibliographically approved
4. Higher Hölder regularity for a subquadratic nonlocal parabolic equation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Higher Hölder regularity for a subquadratic nonlocal parabolic equation
2025 (English)In: Journal of Differential Equations, ISSN 0022-0396, E-ISSN 1090-2732, Vol. 419, p. 253-290Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In this paper, we are concerned with the Hölder regularity forsolutions of the nonlocal evolutionary equation ∂tu + (−p) su = 0. Here, (−p)s is the fractional p-Laplacian, 0 <s< 1 and 1 <p< 2. We establish Hölder regularity with explicit Hölder exponents. We also include the inhomogeneous equation with a bounded inhomogeneity. In some cases, the obtained Hölder exponents are almost sharp. Our results complement the previous results for the superquadratic case when p ≥ 2.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV, 2025
National Category
Mathematical Analysis
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-357687 (URN)10.1016/j.jde.2024.11.024 (DOI)001371728000001 ()2-s2.0-85210414430 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20241212

Available from: 2024-12-12 Created: 2024-12-12 Last updated: 2025-11-20Bibliographically approved

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