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Modelling Protein-Protein Interactions of MYC Oncoprotein
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Protein Science.
2025 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesisAlternative title
Modellering av protein-proteininteraktioner hos MYC-onkoproteinet (Swedish)
Abstract [sv]

Onkoproteinet MYC är en central regulator för cellproliferation, tillväxt och metabolism, och dess dysreglering är ett kännetecken för många cancerformer. Trots att det är ett i sig oordnat protein utövar MYC sin funktion genom korta konserverade motiv kända som MYC-lådor (MB0–MBIV), vilka medierar protein-protein-interaktioner med olika partners. I denna studie undersökte vi den strukturella grunden för dessa interaktioner med hjälp av AlphaFold-Multimer-prediktioner i kombination med sekvenskonserveringsanalys. För varje MYC-låda valdes en representativ uppsättning av fem kända interaktorer ut, och kontakter på restnivå utvärderades. Analyserna visade att interaktioner konvergerar på korta konserverade kluster berikade med sura och aromatiska rester. MB0-interaktioner dominerades av ett centralt C16-centrerat kluster, medan MBII uppvisade en smal hotspot vid F10–S11. MBI och MBIIIa visade återkommande kontakter vid W7–P14 respektive F8–Y10, medan MBIIIb och MBIV uppvisade bredare kontaktytor men konsekvent engagerade konserverade motiv. Dessa fynd belyser en förenande princip i MYC-protein-protein-igenkänning: konserverade, korta linjära motiv fungerar som mångsidiga dockningsplattformar för strukturellt olika partners. Denna studie tillhandahåller ett strukturellt ramverk för att förstå MYC:s interaktom och föreslår potentiella terapeutiska strategier som syftar till att störa viktiga hotspots inom MYC-lådor. Medan beräkningsmässiga förutsägelser var centrala för detta arbete, förblir experimentell validering och utforskning av posttranslationell reglering viktiga framtida inriktningar.

Abstract [en]

The MYC oncoprotein is a central regulator of cell proliferation, growth, and metabolism, and its dysregulation is a hallmark of many cancers. Despite being an intrinsically disordered protein, MYC exerts its function through short conserved motifs known as MYC boxes (MB0–MBIV), which mediate protein–protein interactions with diverse partners. In this study, we investigated the structural basis of these interactions using AlphaFold-Multimer predictions combined with sequence conservation analysis. For each MYC box, a representative set of five known interactors was selected, and residue-level contacts were evaluated. The analyses revealed that interactions converge on short conserved clusters enriched in acidic and aromatic residues. MB0 interactions were dominated by a central C16-centered cluster, while MBII exhibited a narrow hotspot at F10–S11. MBI and MBIIIa showed recurring contacts at W7–P14 and F8–Y10, respectively, whereas MBIIIb and MBIV displayed broader contact surfaces but consistently engaged conserved motifs. These findings highlight a unifying principle in MYC protein–protein recognition: conserved, short linear motifs serve as versatile docking platforms for structurally diverse partners. This study provides a structural framework for understanding MYC’s interactome and suggests potential therapeutic strategies aimed at disrupting key hotspots within MYC boxes. While computational predictions were central to this work, experimental validation and exploration of post-translational regulation remain important future directions.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2025:366
Keywords [en]
MYC oncoprotein, Protein–protein interactions, AlphaFold-Multimer, Conserved motifs, Transcriptional regulation, Cancer biology, Intrinsically disordered regions, Structural bioinformatics
Keywords [sv]
MYC-onkoprotein, Protein-protein-interaktioner, AlphaFold-Multimer, Konserverade motiv, Transkriptionsreglering, Cancerbiologi, bioinformatik Intrinsiskt oordnade regioner, Strukturell
National Category
Medical Biotechnology (Focus on Cell Biology, (incl. Stem Cell Biology), Molecular Biology, Microbiology, Biochemistry or Biopharmacy)
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-373540OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-373540DiVA, id: diva2:2018087
External cooperation
Karolinska Institutet
Subject / course
Biotechnology
Educational program
Master of Science - Medical Biotechnology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2026-01-31 Created: 2025-12-02

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