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Runaway Electron Dynamics in JET: Assessing Enhanced Impurity Transport Modeling
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS).
2025 (English)Independent thesis Basic level (degree of Bachelor), 10 credits / 15 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [en]

Extensive research is ongoing to achieve net-positive controlled fusion energy through magnetic confinement. However, several physics and engineering challenges remain unresolved. One such challenge is the acceleration of electrons to relativistic speeds. If a sufficiently large concentration of these relativistic electrons are formed it could cause significant damage to the reactor structure. One proposed solution to this issue is the injection of a mixture of a noble gas and Deuterium to control the cooling of the plasma and prevent significant amounts of relativistic electrons to form. The aim of this thesis is to test a newly integrated method in the numerical framework DREAM for modeling the injection of material into the plasma, and determine if the model is able to recreate experimental observations. This was done by integrating the new injection method and analyzing the simulation outputs. Multiple scans of free parameters were conducted to optimize matching with experimental data. After extensive analysis and tuning of certain parameters, the results showed that the dynamic injection model is able to capture the trends in experimental observations, and verified some assumptions and observations made in previous works. The results also provide a foundation for further research into the impact of simulation parameters associated with the new injection method, and offers insights for potential improvements in the numerical framework.

Abstract [sv]

Omfattande forskning pågår just nu med målet att uppnå netto-positiv fusionsenergi med hjälp av magnetisk inneslutning av fusionsplasma. För att uppnå det målet måste flera fysikaliska och tekniska utmaningar lösas. En av dessa utmaningar är accelerationen av elektroner till relativistiga hastigheter. Om en tillräckligt tät koncentration av dessa relativiska elektroner (skenande elektroner) genereras kan de orsaka stora skador. En föreslagen lösning till problemet är att injicera en blandning av ädelgaser och  deuterium för att kontrollerat kunna kyla ned plasmat och förhindra bildandet av skenande elektroner. Målet med detta arbete var att testa en ny metod i det numeriska verktyget DREAM som modellerar en dynamisk injektion av material in i plasmat och studera om DREAMmed detta tillägg kan förklara experimentella observationer. Detta gjordes genom att integrera den nya injektionsmodellen. Datan från simuleringarna analyserades och fria parametrar undersöktes med målet att förbättra matchningen med experimentell data. Efter analys och varierande av vissa fria parametrar drogs slutsatsen att DREAMmed den dynamiska injektionsmodellen kan fånga trender i experimentella observationer och validerar även vissa antaganden och observationer som gjorts i tidigare arbeten. Resultaten utgör även en grund för fortsatt forskning i parametrar associerade med den nya funktionen, samt ger insyn till potentiella förbättringar i verktyget.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2025. , p. 313-323
Series
TRITA-EECS-EX ; 2025:131
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-376044OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-376044DiVA, id: diva2:2033909
Supervisors
Examiners
Projects
Kandidatexamensarbete i Elektroteknik 2025, EECS, KTHAvailable from: 2026-01-30 Created: 2026-01-30

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