kth.sePublications KTH
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Forced Business Relationships and Evolving Roles in Construction Projects: Scrutinising Third-Party Logistics Providers as the Holy Grail of Supply Chain Management
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Real Estate and Construction Management, Construction and Facilities Management.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5612-0608
2026 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Construction projects are characterised by fragmented responsibilities, temporary relationships, and recurring coordination challenges that hinder productivity and limit opportunities for improvement. In recent years, construction logistics setups (CLSs) operated by third-party logistics (TPL) providers have been introduced as an organisational response to these challenges, offering potential improvements in logistics efficiency, predictability, and sustainability. As these setups become more common, particularly in dense urban environments, they introduce a new actor into the organisation of construction production. When the use of a CLS is mandated by clients or municipalities, contractors and suppliers are required to cooperate with the third-party logistics provider regardless of their own preferences. These externally imposed arrangements create forced business relationships that influence how coordination is organised, how interactions unfold, and how responsibilities and roles evolve over time. They also intersect with competitive conditions between contractors, adding an additional layer of complexity to coordination. Despite the growing use of TPL-operated CLSs, their implications for coordination and interorganisational relationships remain insufficiently understood.

The overall purpose of this thesis is to advance understanding of how third-party logistics providers, as a new type of actor managing logistics during production in construction projects, assume and enact roles that engage with and affect interorganisational relationships. The thesis comprises four appended papers, which together address the purpose through complementary empirical and analytical perspectives.

To address this purpose, the thesis draws on perspectives from supply chain management, the industrial network approach, and coopetition. These perspectives support an analysis of how coordination is formed through both formal arrangements and everyday interaction, how new actors become embedded and legitimate within existing networks, and how cooperation and competition coexist in relationships shaped by external mandates. The empirical foundation consists of two in-depth case studies of TPL-operated CLSs. One case concerns the refurbishment project of the university hospital in Linköping, and the other a stage with multiple housing developments in the urban development district “Stockholm Royal Seaport". Interviews, observations, and documentary material were used to analyse how roles, interactions, and tensions in the relationships between different actors developed over time.

The findings show that TPL providers influence coordination through responsibilities that extend beyond logistical tasks. Their involvement affects how activities are connected, how interdependencies are managed, and how the interactions between contractors are structured. Their roles change in response to expectations, formal mandates, and the practical challenges of coordinating contractors with differing priorities and working practices. In contexts where cooperation is externally imposed, their roles can shift between being perceived as supportive and necessary or intrusive. Their ability to build legitimacy, demonstrate competence, and adapt to contractors' practices is central, since coordination in construction is shaped more by ongoing interaction, negotiation, and adjustment than by formal control. Forced cooperation introduces both constraints and opportunities that influence how actors cooperate, interpret mandates, and stabilise working relationships over time.

Overall, the thesis contributes to the understanding of how new actors participate in the organisation of construction production under conditions of an external mandate. It shows that coordination develops through incremental and context-specific adaptations rather than through a complete integration of the supply network. It extends the industrial network approach by showing how actors position themselves and develop influence in loosely coupled networks through repeated interaction. It also enriches coopetition research by showing how cooperative and competitive dynamics shift within forced business relationships mediated by an intermediary. The thesis concludes by identifying implications for the governance of CLSs and by suggesting directions for future research on coordination, role development, and interorganisational dynamics in project-based contexts.

Abstract [sv]

Byggprojekt kännetecknas av fragmenterad organisering, temporära relationer och återkommande samordningsutmaningar som begränsar produktivitet och försvårar möjligheterna till förbättringar. Under de senaste åren har särskilda bygglogistiklösningar som drivs av tredjepartslogistiker införts som ett organisatoriskt svar på dessa utmaningar och erbjuder potentiella förbättringar av logistisk effektivitet, förutsägbarhet och hållbarhet. I takt med att sådana lösningar blir vanligare, särskilt i täta stadsutvecklingsprojekt, etableras tredjepartslogistikaktörer som en del av organiseringen av byggproduktionen. När dessa bygglogistiklösningar dessutom är obligatoriska genom krav från beställare eller kommuner innebär det att entreprenörer och leverantörer måste samarbeta med logistikaktören, oavsett egna preferenser. Detta skapar externt påtvingade affärsrelationer som påverkar hur samordning organiseras, hur interaktioner utvecklas och hur ansvar och roller förändras över tid. De samspelar även med konkurrensförhållanden mellan entreprenörer, vilket tillför ytterligare komplexitet till samordningen. Trots den ökande användningen av särskilda bygglogistiklösningar är deras implikationer för samordning och interorganisatoriska relationer fortfarande otillräckligt förstådda.

Det övergripande syftet med denna avhandling är att öka förståelsen för hur tredjepartslogistiker, som en ny typ av aktör som hanterar logistik under produktionen i byggprojekt, antar och utformar roller som påverkar interorganisatoriska relationer. Avhandlingen omfattar fyra artiklar som tillsammans belyser syftet utifrån kompletterande empiriska och analytiska perspektiv.

För att uppnå detta syfte utgår avhandlingen från tre teoretiska perspektiv: supply chain management, industriellt nätverksperspektiv och coopetition. Dessa perspektiv möjliggör en analys av hur samordning formas genom både formella arrangemang och vardaglig interaktion, hur nya aktörer etableras och får betydelse i befintliga nätverk, och hur samarbete och konkurrens samexisterar i relationer som präglas av externa krav. Det empiriska underlaget består av två kvalitativa fallstudier av särskilda bygglogistiklösningar. Det ena fallet avser ombyggnadsprojektet av universitetssjukhuset i Linköping och det andra en etapp med flera bostadsprojekt i stadsutvecklingsområdet Norra Djurgårdsstaden i Stockholm. Intervjuer, observationer och dokumentation användes för att analysera hur roller, interaktioner och spänningar mellan aktörer utvecklades över tid.

Resultaten visar att tredjepartslogistiker påverkar samordningen i byggprojekt genom ansvar som sträcker sig bortom rena logistikuppgifter. Deras medverkan påverkar hur aktiviteter kopplas samman, hur beroenden hanteras och hur interaktioner mellan entreprenörer struktureras. Deras roller förändras i relation till förväntningar, formella mandat och de praktiska utmaningarna i att samordna entreprenörer med olika prioriteringar och arbetssätt. I sammanhang där samarbete är externt påtvingat kan logistikaktörens roll uppfattas som stödjande, nödvändig eller störande. Deras förmåga att bygga legitimitet, visa kompetens och anpassa sig till entreprenörernas arbetssätt är central eftersom samordning i byggproduktion formas mer av fortlöpande interaktion, förhandling och anpassning än av formell styrning. Påtvingat samarbete innebär både begränsningar och möjligheter som påverkar hur aktörer samverkar, tolkar krav och stabiliserar affärsrelationer över tid.

Sammantaget bidrar avhandlingen till ökad förståelse för hur nya aktörer deltar i organiseringen av byggproduktion under förutsättningar av externt mandat. Den visar att samordning utvecklas genom stegvisa och kontextspecifika anpassningar snarare än genom fullständig integration av försörjningskedjan. Studien vidareutvecklar det industriella nätverksperspektivet genom att belysa hur aktörer positionerar sig och får inflytande i löst kopplade nätverk genom återkommande interaktion. Den bidrar även till forskning om coopetition genom att visa hur dynamiken mellan samarbete och konkurrens förändras i påtvingade affärsrelationer där en mellanhand hanterar samordningen. Avhandlingen avslutas med att diskutera implikationer för styrningen av särskilda bygglogistiklösningar och föreslår framtida forskning kring samordning, rollutveckling och interorganisatorisk dynamik i byggprojektbaserade sammanhang.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2026. , p. 92
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 261
Keywords [en]
Construction logistics, third-party logistics, construction logistics setups, forced business relationships, interorganisational relationships, supply chain management, industrial network approach, coopetition, role development, project-based organising
Keywords [sv]
Bygglogistik, tredjepartslogistik, bygglogistiklösningar, påtvingade affärsrelationer, interorganisatoriska relationer, supply chain management, coopetition, rollutveckling, projektbaserad organisering
National Category
Business Administration Construction Management Transport Systems and Logistics
Research subject
Real Estate and Construction Management
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-376500ISBN: 978-91-8106-533-6 (print)OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-376500DiVA, id: diva2:2039104
Public defence
2026-03-20, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, KTH Campus, public video conference link https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/63971455700, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2016–20103
Note

QC 20260223

Available from: 2026-02-23 Created: 2026-02-17 Last updated: 2026-03-02Bibliographically approved
List of papers
1. Third-party logistics in construction: the case of a large hospital project
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Third-party logistics in construction: the case of a large hospital project
2016 (English)In: Construction Management and Economics, ISSN 0144-6193, E-ISSN 1466-433X, Vol. 34, no 3, p. 174-191Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The construction supply chain is of temporary nature and complex, with many interactions between multiple actors in different construction projects. This challenging context typically leads to relatively higher costs and lower productivity, compared to other industries. Supply chain management (SCM) has been put forward as a mean to better handle this challenging context. As a part of SCM initiatives some construction industry stakeholders have turned to third-party logistics (TPL) providers, especially in large construction projects. The use of TPL providers is a new, and under-investigated, phenomenon in the construction industry. The main purpose of this study is thus to explore the use of a TPL provider in a large construction project and to analyse its resulting effects. Driving forces and possible concerns for implementing TPL are identified and the possibility for TPL to be a facilitator for implementing SCM in construction is investigated. The research is based on a literature review and an explorative case study of a large hospital project in Sweden, where the client and the main contractor have initiated the use of a TPL provider to coordinate sourcing and materials handling activities on site. The results show positive effects on establishing an effective interface between the construction site and the supply chain. The results also show that a TPL solution facilitates an increase in productive work at the construction site itself, a reduction of costs and an increased utilisation of site assets. On the downside, the study also shows a lack of SCM knowledge amongst the involved actors in the project, hindering them to reap the full potential of TPL.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Routledge, 2016
Keywords
Case study, construction logistics, construction supply chain, supply chain management, third-party logistics
National Category
Construction Management Transport Systems and Logistics Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-235768 (URN)10.1080/01446193.2016.1186809 (DOI)000377817800004 ()2-s2.0-84973109335 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20181004

Available from: 2018-10-03 Created: 2018-10-03 Last updated: 2026-03-12Bibliographically approved
2. Third-Party Logistics in Construction: Perspectives from Suppliers and Transport Service Providers
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Third-Party Logistics in Construction: Perspectives from Suppliers and Transport Service Providers
2022 (English)In: Production planning & control (Print), ISSN 0953-7287, E-ISSN 1366-5871, Vol. 33, no 9-10, p. 831-846Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Suppliers and transport service providers are key parties in the construction supply chain, and their respective roles when employing a construction logistics setup based on third-party logistics are investigated. The use of construction logistics setups is an ongoing trend for large and complex construction projects and previous research has mainly focused on the downstream actors. The purpose is to explore how suppliers and transport service providers in the construction supply chain are affected by the use of dedicated and project specific construction logistics setups outsourced to third-party logistics providers in construction projects. The upstream actors’ attitudes towards and experienced effects from construction logistics setups operated by a third-party logistics provider, as well as their level of supply chain management maturity are studied in an explorative case study of a large construction project. Results show positive attitudes and that suppliers and transport service providers actively address supply chain management issues, whereas actual effects of the construction logistics setup on upstream actors in this case are inconclusive. Yet, the analysis indicates that a third-party logistics provider can assume the role of a systems integrator in the construction supply chain, balancing, and possibly, integrating the supply chain with the construction site.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Taylor & Francis Group, 2022
Keywords
construction management, supply chain management, third-party logistics, supply chain orientation, construction logistics
National Category
Transport Systems and Logistics
Research subject
Real Estate and Construction Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-282931 (URN)10.1080/09537287.2020.1837932 (DOI)000597684500001 ()2-s2.0-85094653813 (Scopus ID)
Note

QC 20201216

Available from: 2020-10-02 Created: 2020-10-02 Last updated: 2026-02-17Bibliographically approved
3. Construction logistics in a multi-project context: coopetition among main contractors and the role of third-party logistics providers
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Construction logistics in a multi-project context: coopetition among main contractors and the role of third-party logistics providers
2022 (English)In: Construction Management and Economics, ISSN 0144-6193, E-ISSN 1466-433X, Vol. 40, no 1, p. 25-40Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

As a part of supply chain management (SCM) initiatives to improve performance and productivity in construction projects, the use of construction logistics setups (CLSs) operated by third-party logistics (TPL) providers have increased. CLSs are often used in complex multi-project contexts, such as urban development districts, where extensive coordination of actors, resources, and activities is needed. The purpose of this paper is twofold: to investigate how main contractors engage in horizontal relationships with each other when coordinating activities and resources within and across projects in a multi-project context, and to investigate what role a TPL provider assumes when engaging in relationships with main contractors in a multi-project context. The findings are based on a case study of an urban development district with a mandatory TPL-operated CLS, and we apply the industrial network approach. In this multi-project context, the main contractors engage in coopetitive relationships, coordinating activities and resources within and across projects. The TPL provider coordinates actors, resources, and activities, facilitating smoother production by managing logistics and mediating coopetitive relationships. This can be understood as a multi-project coordination role and extends the role SCM can play in construction. In that role, a TPL provider can minimise tensions between coopetitive actors across a multitude of horizontal relationships and projects.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Informa UK Limited, 2022
Keywords
Supply chain management; third-party logistics; industrial network approach; multi-project; coopetition
National Category
Construction Management Other Social Sciences not elsewhere specified
Research subject
Real Estate and Construction Management; Industrial Engineering and Management
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-306719 (URN)10.1080/01446193.2021.2012815 (DOI)000729675700001 ()2-s2.0-85121428264 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2016-20103
Note

QC 20220118

Available from: 2021-12-21 Created: 2021-12-21 Last updated: 2026-03-12Bibliographically approved
4. Third-party logistics providers in construction projects – implications for coopetitive interaction in forced relationships
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Third-party logistics providers in construction projects – implications for coopetitive interaction in forced relationships
2025 (English)In: Journal of business & industrial marketing, ISSN 0885-8624, E-ISSN 2052-1189, Vol. 40, no 13, p. 171-185Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Purpose – The purpose of this study is to gain deeper insight into the nature of forced coopetitive relationships by investigating the aspects favouring cooperative and competitive interactions in relationships between third-party logistics (TPL) providers of mandatory construction logistics setups (CLSs) and contractors. Design/methodology/approach – The industrial network approach (INA) and the actors–resources–activities model is used in combination with the value net model and insights from the coopetition literature to analyse the coopetitive interactions between the TPL provider of a mandatory CLS and contractors in a case study, to highlight and problematise the value-creating role of TPL providers as complementors to contractors. Findings – The study reveals the coopetitive nature of the interactions between TPL providers and contractors by detailing the activities and resources they engage in, and how they relate to one another both formally and informally. It provides a more detailed understanding of how and why tensions arise in forced relationships and of the differing as well as evolving value-creating role perceptions in coopetitive relationships. This underscores the importance of understanding coopetitive interactions and role ambiguity in managing tensions within mandatory CLSs and in forced coopetitive relationships as such. Originality/value – By investigating the interactions through a coopetition lens, this study provides a new interpretation of the value-creating role of TPL providers as complementors to contractors and sheds new light on earlier research on CLS in logistics management. It also contributes to INA and the coopetition literature by examining interaction in forced coopetitive business relationships.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Emerald, 2025
Keywords
ARA, Complementor, Construction logistics, Coopetition, Forced relationships, Industrial network approach, Tensions, Third-party logistics, Value net model
National Category
Business Administration
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-370693 (URN)10.1108/JBIM-06-2024-0426 (DOI)001568534100001 ()2-s2.0-105016009515 (Scopus ID)
Funder
Swedish Research Council Formas, 2016-20103
Note

QC 20250930

Available from: 2025-09-30 Created: 2025-09-30 Last updated: 2026-02-17Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

summary(3248 kB)154 downloads
File information
File name FULLTEXT01.pdfFile size 3248 kBChecksum SHA-512
0572630d41fbc045609064e5f74ef623b5ea7c8dcbfe00c26cb30b127c33ae840ee4bf6c6e2a604c0d9a2c62a46659d3f49bd20bb752689d89ae146d2078471b
Type summaryMimetype application/pdf

Authority records

Ekeskär, Andreas

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Ekeskär, Andreas
By organisation
Construction and Facilities Management
Business AdministrationConstruction ManagementTransport Systems and Logistics

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar
The number of downloads is the sum of all downloads of full texts. It may include eg previous versions that are now no longer available

isbn
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

isbn
urn-nbn
Total: 4815 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf