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Pedestrian-Aware Motion Planning for Autonomous Driving in Complex Urban Scenarios
Technical University of Munich, Professorship of Autonomous Vehicle Systems, Garching, Germany, 85748; Technical University of Munich, Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence (MIRMI), Garching, Germany.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7120-0796
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Robotics, Perception and Learning. TRATON AB, c/o Scania CV AB, 151 87 Södertälje, Sweden.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2069-6581
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Robotics, Perception and Learning. KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Centres, Digital futures.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4173-2593
Technical University of Munich, Professorship of Autonomous Vehicle Systems, Garching, Germany, 85748; Technical University of Munich, Munich Institute of Robotics and Machine Intelligence (MIRMI), Garching, Germany.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9197-2849
2026 (English)In: IEEE Open Journal of Intelligent Transportation Systems, E-ISSN 2687-7813, Vol. 7, p. 365-378Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Motion planning in uncertain environments like complex urban areas is a key challenge for autonomous vehicles (AVs). The aim of our research is to investigate how AVs can navigate crowded, unpredictable scenarios with multiple pedestrians while maintaining a safe and efficient vehicle behavior. So far, most research has concentrated on static or deterministic traffic participant behavior. This paper introduces a novel algorithm for motion planning in crowded spaces by combining social force principles for simulating realistic pedestrian behavior with a risk-aware motion planner. We evaluate this new algorithm in a 2D simulation environment to rigorously assess AV-pedestrian interactions, demonstrating that our algorithm enables safe, efficient, and adaptive motion planning, particularly in highly crowded urban environments, a first in achieving this level of performance. This study has not taken into consideration real-time constraints and has been shown only in simulation so far. Further studies are needed to investigate the novel algorithm in a complete software stack for AVs on real cars to investigate the entire perception, planning and control pipeline in crowded scenarios. We release the code developed in this research as an open-source resource for further studies and development.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2026. Vol. 7, p. 365-378
Keywords [en]
Autonomous vehicles, collision avoidance, motion planning, pedestrian, vehicle safety
National Category
Robotics and automation Computer graphics and computer vision
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-376508DOI: 10.1109/OJITS.2026.3655468ISI: 001673814500001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105028296376OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-376508DiVA, id: diva2:2039983
Note

Not duplicate with DiVA 1950713

QC 20260219

Available from: 2026-02-19 Created: 2026-02-19 Last updated: 2026-02-19Bibliographically approved

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Nyberg, TrulsTumova, Jana

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