Precast concrete element (PCE) reuse is a promising strategy for reducing construction emissions, but its economic feasibility remains a barrier to wider adoption. While technical and value creation aspects are studied, microeconomic conditions remain underexplored. This study identifies economic boundary conditions under which PCE reuse is economically viable. A supply chain-based economic framework is developed to compare demolition, reuse, and virgin material pathways. The analysis draws on 54 academic, industry, and project documents interpreted through economic theories. Reuse is driven by tradeoffs between avoided disposal and material costs and higher deconstruction, logistics, storage, and coordination costs. Economic viability is context-dependent. Wider adoption requires sufficient supply of and demand for reusable elements, and cost management. Future research should focus on cost structures, regulation, technological change, and supply chain dynamics to support investment and policy decisions.