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Load-shedding techniques for microgrids: A comprehensive review
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6356-7985
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7734-7817
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems, Electronic and embedded systems. KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electronics and Embedded systems, Integrated devices and circuits.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2357-1108
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2019 (English)In: International Journal of Smart Grid and Clean Energy, ISSN 2315-4462, Vol. 8, no 3, p. 341-353Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The increasing interest in integrating renewable energies source has raised concerns about control operations. The presence of new energy sources, distributed storage, power electronic devices and communication links make a power system’s control and monitoring more complex and adaptive than ever before. Recently, the use of agent-based distributed control has seen to have a significant impact on the grid and microgrid controls. The load-shedding technique is among the features used to balance the power consumption in the power system upon less power production. Towards achieving these, different mechanisms, algorithms, challenges, and approaches have been developed and hence need to be reviewed and integrated from the system solution perspective. This research focuses on the review of the state-of-the-art load-shedding techniques, whereby the focus is on control algorithms, simulation platforms and integrations, and control devices for DC microgrid. The research also investigates open issues and challenges that need further investigations. The analyses reported in the paper upholds the importance of the distributed multi-agent system, MAS, in implementing distinct control operations including load-shedding. The effectiveness of the control operations using MAS rely on low-latency and secure communication links in which IoT has been branded as a promising technology for implementing distributed MAS.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Engineering and Technology Publishing , 2019. Vol. 8, no 3, p. 341-353
Keywords [en]
Agent based systems, Energy management, Load-shedding, Multi-agent, Smart DC microgrid
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-281349DOI: 10.12720/sgce.8.3.341-353Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85065158593OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-281349DiVA, id: diva2:1468588
Note

QC 20200918

Available from: 2020-09-18 Created: 2020-09-18 Last updated: 2022-06-25Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Agent-Based System for Enhanced Controlling and Monitoring of a Solar Driven DC Microgrid
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Agent-Based System for Enhanced Controlling and Monitoring of a Solar Driven DC Microgrid
2021 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The early efforts in grid computing started as a project to link supercomputing sites, but have now grown far beyond their original intent. This has led to the introduction of smart systems such as smart grids for power systems, and e-health systems for the health sector. The smart grid system has provided many solutions with regards to energy management, energy efficiency resources, accessibility of power supply, controlling and monitoring of the electric system, etc. An agent-based system has been seen to work successfully in electric sectors which involve the use of artificial intelligence and autonomous actions during the operations and controlling activities. These significant facts of the agent-based system have led to the design and implementation of smart systems to reduce human interventions.

 In this thesis, controlling and monitoring are the significant aspects of the provision of an autonomous system in the upper layer of the microgrid. The proposed approach involves the use of the solar-driven DC microgrid as a source of power with a capacity of 48V DC. An agent-based control is a technology used for deploying the load shedding technique with a demand response scheme, which enhances the sharing of power among individuals. The target usage is for low voltage appliances such as lighting and charging activities of low power consumption devices, which can be applied to the areas without access to electricity.

 Firstly, the analysis of the existing applications, simulation platforms, and algorithms in the agent-based system was done. Secondly, the simulation model based on solar DC microgrid was developed for critical and non-critical loads. It involves three main agents which are: - solar agent, storage agent, and load agent. This was further extended to include the demand response scheme for the pricing algorithm to provide flexibility in the model. The model runs with different scenarios such as static loads, dynamic loads, and also provides the mechanism to integrate with the agent-based hardware platform. Using the simulation model, the requirements for designing and implementation the DC microgrid was deduced. Finally, the deployment of the prototype was done to demonstrate the control and monitoring aspects using an agent-based system. The test-bed is designed with low-cost and high-performance devices which concluded the best usage of the agent-based system. The performance of the proposed solar DC microgrid was analyzed using different aspects, including energy cost, and scalability. The advantages and impact of this research can be applied in any community for the application of various renewable energy systems.

Abstract [sv]

De tidiga insatserna inom grid computing började som ett projekt för att länka superdatorwebbplatser, men har nu vuxit långt bortom deras ursprungliga avsikt. Detta har lett till införandet av smarta system som smarta nät för kraftsystem och e-hälsosystem för hälsosektorn. Systemet för smarta nät har tillhandahållit många lösningar när det gäller energihantering, styrning och övervakning av elsystemet etc. Ett agentbaserat system har fungerat framgångsrikt inom elsektorer som innebär användning av artificiell intelligens och autonoma åtgärder under verksamhet och kontrollaktiviteter. Dessa viktiga fakta i det agentbaserade systemet har lett till design och implementering av smarta system för att minska mänskliga interventioner.

 I denna avhandling är kontroll och övervakning de viktiga aspekterna av tillhandahållandet av ett autonomt system i det övre lagret av mikronätet. Det föreslagna tillvägagångssättet innebär användning av det soldrivna DC-mikronätet som en energikälla med en kapacitet på 48V DC. En agentbaserad kontroll är en teknik som används för att använda tekniken för belastningsavlastning med ett system för efterfrågesvar, vilketökar maktdelningen mellan individer. Målanvändningen är för lågspänningsapparater som belysning och laddningsaktiviteter, som kan appliceras på områdena utan tillgång tillel.

 Fördet första gjordes analysen av de befintliga applikationerna, simuleringsplattformarna och algoritmerna i det agentbaserade systemet. För det andra utvecklades simuleringsmodellen baserad på solcells-mikrogrid för kritiska och icke-kritiska laster. Detta utökades ytterligare till att inkludera system för efterfrågesvar för prissättningsalgoritm för att ge flexibiliteten i modellen. Med hjälp av simuleringsmodellen drogs kraven för utformning och implementering av DC -mikronätet och utplaceringen av prototypen gjordes för att demonstrera kontroll och övervakningsaspekterna. Testbädden är utformad med billiga och högpresterande enheter som gav den bästa användningen av det agentbaserade systemet. Prestandan för det föreslagna solenergimikronätet analyserades med energikostnad och skalbarhet.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2021. p. 204
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2021:61
National Category
Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering
Research subject
Information and Communication Technology
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-302965 (URN)978-91-8040-001-5 (ISBN)
Public defence
2021-10-26, 1330, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/64054090805, Greta Woxen, Teknikringen 31, KTH, Sweden, Stockholm, 09:00 (English)
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Note

QC 20211006

Available from: 2021-10-06 Created: 2021-10-04 Last updated: 2022-09-21Bibliographically approved

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Rwegasira, DianaKondoro, AronKelati, AmlesetTenhunen, Hannu

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