The neuro-spike communication is conducted using electro-chemical nervous signal transmissions between neurons and synapses. The nervous signal is composed of a sequence of electrically charged ions exchange in the neurons. It passes to other from one neuron to another one through the process of release and a combination of chemical substances in synapses. The neuro-spike communication is subject to disruptions due to different biological factors that impact the permanence of neural communications. In this paper, we investigate the performance of a neuro-spike communication between two neighboring neurons. We first present a mathematical model to capture the inherent biological characteristics of the nervous system. Next, the error probability of signal detection as a function of biological parameters has been characterized. Finally, we study the impacts of some specific medicines on the parameters of neuro-spike communication in the diseases of Multiple Sclerosis and Alzheimer’s.