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Distributed cold storage in district cooling-Grid dynamics and optimal integration for a Swedish case study
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology, Applied Thermodynamics and Refrigeration.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-1806-9749
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology.
Norrenergi AB, Solna Strandvag 96,Box 1177, S-17123 Solna, Sweden..
KTH, School of Industrial Engineering and Management (ITM), Energy Technology, Applied Thermodynamics and Refrigeration.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9556-552X
2021 (English)In: Energy Reports, E-ISSN 2352-4847, Vol. 7, p. 419-429Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

District cooling (DC) is gaining interest with global warming and rising demands on indoor comfort. As DC grid expansions are capital intensive, cost effective alternatives to meet these rising cooling demands are desired. Integrating cold storage (CS) into the grids is one attractive choice, allowing peak shaving, load shifting, and renewable electricity recovery via power-to cold. To analyze the impact of new CSs, the DC distribution grid dynamics must be investigated. This work evaluates the implementation of several new CSs into an existing DC system (called the base case-BC), to find the optimal solution. This is performed considering the case study DC system of Norrenergi AB, Sweden, catering to Solna and Sundbyberg via three production plants Solnaverket, Sundbybergsverket and Frosundaverket, and a 10 MW CS (in Solnaverket). The software tool Netsim is used for distribution grid dynamics analysis of the BC and three scenarios with additional cold storages, for the optimization of differential pressure (dP) of the grids to be within 100-800 kPa. These scenarios include: one additional 15 MW CS in Sundbybergsverket (Scenario 1), one additional 15 MW CS in Frosunda (Scenario 2) and two additional 3 MW CSs in Sundbybergsverket and Frosunda (Scenario 3). The CSs in Sundbybergsverket are centrally placed, whereas, those in Frosunda were positioned in a grid loop experiencing low differential pressure, identified in Netsim simulations of BC. The simulations were done for 24 h at 1-hour resolution, on a chosen historically highest demand day (02 August 2018). The results indicate that the optimal solution is implementing two additional CSs in Sundbybergsverket (centralized) and Frosunda (distributed), each with a capacity between 3-7.5 MW (6-15 MW total capacities). Further evaluations to determine the optimal sizing of these CSs is the next step in this study.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2021. Vol. 7, p. 419-429
Keywords [en]
District cooling (DC), Cold storage (CS), Distributed cold storage, Distribution grid dynamics, Base case (BC), Scenarios (Sc.s), Netsim
National Category
Energy Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-306527DOI: 10.1016/j.egyr.2021.08.086ISI: 000727767400007Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85130333735OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-306527DiVA, id: diva2:1621157
Conference
17th International Symposium on District Heating and Cooling (DHC), SEP 06-09, 2021, Nottingham Trent Univ, Nottingham, England
Funder
StandUp
Note

QC 20211217

Available from: 2021-12-17 Created: 2021-12-17 Last updated: 2026-04-27Bibliographically approved

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Gunasekara, Saman NimaliBilek, ZinarMartin, Viktoria

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CiteExportLink to record
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