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Biocatalytic modification of pentoses from biorefinery streams, towards functional amine derivates
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry.
2022 (English)Independent thesis Advanced level (degree of Master (Two Years)), 20 credits / 30 HE creditsStudent thesis
Abstract [sv]

De mest grundläggande komponenterna av hemicellulosa är hexoser (β-D-mannos, β-d-glukos, α-D-galaktos) och pentoser (β-D-xylos, α-L-arabinos) som skapar polymer kedjor av β-(1→4)-länkade sackaridenheter med förgreningar. Kolhydraterna kan modifieras till ett flertal funktionella molekyler som kan användas inom olika industrier som ett cirkulärt tillvägagångssätt för uppgradering av dessa naturliga substrat.

I detta examensarbete presenteras försök till kemoenzymatisk modifiering av arabinos, xylos och xylanbaserade oligosackarider för produktion av motsvarande aminer. Bristen på kommersiellt tillgängliga enzymer för oxidation av pentoser gjorde det nödvändigt att använda ett initialt kemiskt reaktionsteg nödvändigt att framställa aldehyder som kan användas som substrat för transaminaser som adderar aminogruppen. Oximer av de olika kolhydraterna producerades i första reaktionsteget följt av ospecifik transaminering. Masskiftet mellan reaktionstegen följdes med hjälp av vätskekromatografi kopplad till masspektrometri. Denna metodologi användes i projektet och fanns inte rapporterad i litteraturen för pentosmodifiering fram till nu. För att få en bättre uppfattning av resultat utnyttjades HPAEC-PAD och NMR för att studera ospecifik transaminatinering. Resultatet från dessa metoder tyder möjligtvis produktion av kolhydrataminer vid anomeriska kolet av sackariders reducerande ände.

Abstract [en]

Hemicellulose is a by-product of many biorefinery processes. The most basic components of hemicellulose are hexoses (β-D-mannose, β-d-glucose, α-D galactose) and pentoses (β-D- xylose, α-L-arabinose) that create backbone chains of β-(1→4)-linked saccharide chains with branches. The carbohydrates can be modified into a wide array of functional molecules that can be used within many different industries as a circular approach to valorize these natural substrates.

In this thesis project attempted chemoenzymatic modification of arabinose, xylose and xylan- based oligosaccharides to produce corresponding amines is presented. The lack of commercial enzymes capable of oxidizing pentoses oblige to implement an initial chemical step necessary to produce aldehydes that can be later used as substrate for transaminase enzymes to add the amine group. Oximes were produced from the different carbohydrates as the first reaction step followed by unspecific transamination. The mass shifts of the carbohydrates between each reaction were monitored using liquid chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry. This methodology was attempted in the project as a feasible approach to follow the chemoenzymatic reaction and was not reported for pentoses modification in the literature so far. Moreover, to better understand the results HPAEC-PAD and NMR were used to study the unspecific transamination suggesting production of carbohydrate amines at the free anomeric carbon in the reducing end of the saccharides.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
2022.
Series
TRITA-CBH-GRU ; 2022:174
Keywords [en]
Functional carbohydrates, Mass spectrometry, Transamination, Oximes, Amines
Keywords [sv]
Funktionella kolhydrater, Mass spectrometry, Transaminering, Oximer, Aminer
National Category
Industrial Biotechnology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-314447OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-314447DiVA, id: diva2:1672854
Subject / course
Biotechnology
Educational program
Master of Science - Medical Biotechnology
Supervisors
Examiners
Available from: 2022-06-20 Created: 2022-06-20 Last updated: 2022-06-25

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