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Polyester–melamine coil coating formulation reinforced with surface-modified cellulose nanofibrils
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology.
KTH.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-6438-1357
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
National Category
Polymer Chemistry Materials Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-324139OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-324139DiVA, id: diva2:1738277
Note

QC 20230307

Available from: 2023-02-21 Created: 2023-02-21 Last updated: 2023-04-21Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Towards compatibilization of cellulose nanofibrils in polymer matrices: Polymer design for mediating the nanofibril–matrix interface
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Towards compatibilization of cellulose nanofibrils in polymer matrices: Polymer design for mediating the nanofibril–matrix interface
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Magnifying the nanostructure of wood reveals the features of an extraordinary nanocomposite material. In this nanocomposite, long fibrils of semicrystalline cellulose, with a cross-section in the nanometer range and length up to several micrometers, are embedded in an amorphous matrix made of other polymeric components. Cellulose is the load-bearing skeleton responsible for the mechanical strength of plant tissues, while the matrix cements the fibrils together and provides flexibility. 

Ever since the first methods were developed for producing individualized cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs), materials scientists have explored the potential of these biobased nanomaterials as reinforcement for nanocomposite applications. In light of the quest for renewable alternatives to fossil-based materials, both for common use and high-value applications, wood nanocomponents offer important opportunities. However, dispersing CNFs within conventional polymer matrices entails challenges related to the hydrophilic–hydrophobic character of the nanofibril–matrix interface. In this context, the aim of this thesis is to evaluate strategies for compatibilizing CNFs in relatively hydrophobic polymer matrices. 

Three different nanocomposite applications were explored by incorporating low loadings of CNFs (0.5–6 wt%) in polymer matrices. The properties of the nanofibril–matrix interface were modified by two alternative approaches, both based on the adsorption of copolymers onto CNFs in water dispersion. In the first part of the work, a tailor-made random copolymer was adsorbed onto the CNF surface and used as a macroinitiator for the in situ polymerization of methacrylate monomers by aqueous atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP). The second part focuses on the adsorption onto CNFs of amphiphilic block copolymers synthesized by ATRP to function as CNF–matrix compatibilizers. Synthetic and analytical aspects related to the design of well-defined structures were investigated, as well as fundamental parameters affecting their adsorption onto cellulose. The use of amphiphilic block copolymers as CNF–matrix compatibilizers was explored both while targeting the dispersion of CNFs in a thermosetting coating resin, and in a thermoplastic polymer matrix. 

The outcomes of this work highlight significant effects induced by surface-modified CNFs on the structural and mechanical properties of the studied nanocomposite materials.

Abstract [sv]

Om man tittar på trä med hög förstoring framkommer ett extraordinärt nanokompositmaterial med långa fibriller av semikristallin cellulosa, med ett nanometerstort tvärsnitt och en längd på upp till flera mikrometer, inbäddade i en amorf matris av andra polymera komponenter. Cellulosa är det bärande skelettet och ansvarar för växters mekaniska styrka, medan matrisen binder ihop fibrillerna och förser strukturen med stabilitet. Ända sedan utvecklingen av de första metoderna för att producera enskilda cellulosananofibriller (CNF) har potentialen hos dessa biobaserade nanomaterial studerats som bärande material inom nanokomposittillämpningar. I sökandet efter förnybara alternativ till fossilbaserade material, för såväl vardaglig som högteknologisk användning, erbjuder de nanokomponenter som kan utvinnas ur trä många möjligheter. Men en utmaning vid användningen av CNF i konventionella polymermatriser är den hydrofila–hydrofoba karaktären i gränssnittet mellan nanofibriller och matris. Det är den utmaning som denna avhandling har haft som syfte att utforska genom att utvärdera strategier för att inkorporera CNF i relativt hydrofoba polymermatriser. Tre olika typer av nanokomposittillämpningar undersöktes, genom att inkorporera låga halter av CNF (0.5–6 wt%) i polymermatriser. Förhållandena i gränssnittet mellan nanofibriller och matris modifierades utifrån två olika tillvägagångssätt, båda baserade på adsorption av sampolymerer på CNF:er i vattenlösning. I den första delen av arbetet studerades adsorption av en skräddarsydd slumpmässig sampolymer på CNF‑ytan som sedan användes som makroinitiator för in situ-polymerisering av metakrylatmonomerer genom vattenbaserad kontrollerad radikalpolymerisation. I den andra delen studerades adsorption på CNF:er genom att använda amfifila blocksampolymerer som CNF-matrixkompatibilisatorer. Själva polymersyntesen och de analysmetoder som används vid karakterisering av väldefinerade polymerstrukturer utvärderades, liksom de grundläggande parametrar som påverkar deras adsorption på cellulosa. Användningen av amfifila blocksampolymerer som CNF-matrixkompatibilisatorer undersöktes för CNF inom värmehärdande ytbeläggningsapplikationer och som bärande material i en termoplastisk polymermatris. Arbetets resultat belyser hur modifierade CNF:er har betydande effekter på de studerade nanokompositmaterialens strukturella och mekaniska egenskaper.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm, Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. p. 65
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2023:6
Keywords
Cellulose nanofibril (CNF), copolymer, nanocomposite, coating, reinforcement, interface
National Category
Chemical Sciences Materials Chemistry Polymer Chemistry
Research subject
Fibre and Polymer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-324133 (URN)978-91-8040-489-1 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-03-17, F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26 & 28, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
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Note

QC 2023-02-21

Available from: 2023-02-21 Created: 2023-02-21 Last updated: 2024-02-21Bibliographically approved

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Telaretti Leggieri, RosellaDeltin, TomasAlexakis, Alexandros EfraimMalmström, EvaJohansson, Mats

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