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On the quantification of the human-structureinteraction effect on a random vibration framework
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.
Norwegian University of Science and Technology. (Department of Structural Engineering)
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-8926-2140
Norwegian University of Science and Technology. (Department of Structural Engineering)
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(English)Manuscript (preprint) (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

The focus in this work is on evaluating the structural response to verticalpedestrian excitation using a spectral loading model for pedestrian-inducedforces that accounts for the randomness of human excitation and the increasedcorrelation between pedestrians as the pedestrian density increases.To account for the effect of human-structure interaction (HSI), the quantificationof the expected value of the response of the coupled pedestrianbridgesystem with respect to the expected value of the response of the samestructure under the same Gaussian spectral load density is presented. Aparametric analysis is presented and the influences of the ratio between themean step frequency and the natural frequency of the support structure, theratio of the natural frequency of the pedestrians to the natural frequency ofthe support structure, the modal mass ratio of the coupled system, and thecoefficient of variation of the considered Gaussian power spectral density ofthe load are studied. In addition, the correlation between pedestrians underunconstrained and constrained pedestrian traffic is investigated using thecoherence function. The study shows that further experiments are neededto avoid minimising the contribution of higher modes under restrictive trafficconditions on pedestrian bridges due to near-perfect correlation betweenpedestrians. Finally, an equivalent damping model and an equivalent forcemodel are presented to calculate the expected value of the response of thecoupled pedestrian-bridge system under a Gaussian-load power spectral density starting from the expected value of the response of only the consideredsupport structure.

Keywords [en]
Random vibrations, Footbridges, Human-structure interaction.
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-338428OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-338428DiVA, id: diva2:1806652
Note

QC 20231025

Available from: 2023-10-23 Created: 2023-10-23 Last updated: 2023-10-26Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Human-structure interaction effect on the dynamic response of footbridges: An analytical and experimental study
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Human-structure interaction effect on the dynamic response of footbridges: An analytical and experimental study
2023 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Lightweight, slender and lightly damped footbridges are often susceptible to HumanInduced Loads (HILs) when pedestrian step frequencies coincide with the naturalfrequencies of the structure. For vertical vibrations, this can compromise the serviceabilitylimit state of the system. The Human-Structure Interaction (HSI) effectoccurs due to the presence of pedestrians that modify the dynamic behaviour ofthe coupled pedestrian-bridge system. Typically, the dynamic analysis of such footbridgesemploys the Finite Element Method (FEM) with stationary harmonic loadingscenarios to assess the dynamic performance of such structures. This researchproject aims to develop a general closed-form solution for the moving harmonic loadproblem (Paper I) using 2D Bernoulli–Euler beam theory for continuous beams onelastic supports. Additionally, it seeks to formulate closed-form solutions for thedynamic amplification factor of the coupled pedestrian-bridge system (Paper II),along with equivalent damping and force models (Paper III) based on response amplitudes.Furthermore, an experimental study of the HSI-effect was conducted onthe Folke Bernadotte Bridge in Stockholm (Paper IV), quantifying the changes ofthe dynamic properties ofthe system and validating the analytical Frequency ResponseFunction (FRF) found in previous studies (Paper II). Finally, the HSI-effectwas studied within the framework of random vibration theory (Paper V) to understandthe expected value of the response of the coupled system using a crowd loadPower Spectral Density (PSD).

Abstract [sv]

Slanka och lätta gångbroar med låg dämpning kan vara känsliga för dynamiskbelastning från fotgängare om stegfrekvensen sammanfaller med någon av bronsegenfrekvenser. Detta kan resultera i överskridande av komfortrelaterade bruksgränskrav.Samverkan mellan fotgängare och bro kan liknas vid ett massdämparsystemvilket resulterar i ändrade modala egenskaper för det kopplade systemet.För dynamiska analyser av gångbroar används ofta finita elementmetoden (FEM)där lasten från en gående folksamling ofta beskrivs som en stationär harmonisklast. Detta forskningsprojekt syftar till att utveckla en generell analytisk lösningför rörliga harmoniska laster (artikel I) baserat på 2D Bernoulli–Euler balkteori förkontinuerliga balkar på elastiska upplag. Analytiska lösningar har även utvecklatsavseende dynamiska förstoringsfaktorer för det kopplade systemet mellan fotgängareoch bro (artikel II) samt system med ekvivalent dämpning eller ekvivalentkraft (artikel III) baserat på responsamplituder. En experimentell studie har ävenutförts på Folke Bernadottes bro i Stockholm (artikel IV), i syfte att uppskatta ochvalidera samverkan mellan fotgängare och bro baserat på frekvenssvarsfunktioneroch motsvarande analytiska lösningar. Slutligen har samverkan mellan fotgängareoch bro undersökts på basis av stokastiska vibrationer (artikel V) där förväntadrespons beräknas baserat på ett lastspektrum för gånglaster.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2023. p. 35
Series
TRITA-ABE-DLT ; 2339
Keywords
footbridges, dynamics, human induced loads, human structure interaction.
National Category
Infrastructure Engineering
Research subject
Civil and Architectural Engineering, Structural Engineering and Bridges
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-338779 (URN)978-91-8040-739-7 (ISBN)
Public defence
2023-11-24, Kollegiesalen, Brinellvägen 8, KTH Campus, public videoconference link https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/68108904941, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
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Note

QC 20231026

Available from: 2023-10-26 Created: 2023-10-25 Last updated: 2025-12-03Bibliographically approved

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Colmenares, DanielAndersson, AndreasKaroumi, Raid

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