This special issue focuses on the concept of petroculture and itsrelationship with energy history and energy humanities. The contri-butions explore many facets of oil, including far-reaching impactsof petroleum on identities and practices as well as the role ofeconomic, geopolitical and cultural factors in maintaining the useof fossil fuels despite efforts to transition to renewable energysystems. Our aim is to bridge petrocultural studies and energyhistory, exploring diverse geographical perspectives and histor-ical contexts. We believe that further integration of these fieldscan help strengthen understanding of how petrocultures resistattempts to decrease the use of oil across modern societies.