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On the potential of transfer entropy in turbulent dynamical systems
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-6712-8944
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Acoustics. Department of Fluids and Environment/MACE, The University of Manchester, Manchester, M139PL, UK.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9610-9910
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Centres, Linné Flow Center, FLOW. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Engineering Mechanics, Fluid Mechanics and Engineering Acoustics. Institute of Fluid Mechanics (LSTM), Friedrich-Alexander-Universität (FAU) Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, 91058, Germany.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-9627-5903
2023 (English)In: Scientific Reports, E-ISSN 2045-2322, Vol. 13, no 1, article id 22344Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Information theory (IT) provides tools to estimate causality between events, in various scientific domains. Here, we explore the potential of IT-based causality estimation in turbulent (i.e. chaotic) dynamical systems and investigate the impact of various hyperparameters on the outcomes. The influence of Markovian orders, i.e. the time lags, on the computation of the transfer entropy (TE) has been mostly overlooked in the literature. We show that the history effect remarkably affects the TE estimation, especially for turbulent signals. In a turbulent channel flow, we compare the TE with standard measures such as auto- and cross-correlation, showing that the TE has a dominant direction, i.e. from the walls towards the core of the flow. In addition, we found that, in generic low-order vector auto-regressive models (VAR), the causality time scale is determined from the order of the VAR, rather than the integral time scale. Eventually, we propose a novel application of TE as a sensitivity measure for controlling computational errors in numerical simulations with adaptive mesh refinement. The introduced indicator is fully data-driven, no solution of adjoint equations is required, with an improved convergence to the accurate function of interest. In summary, we demonstrate the potential of TE for turbulence, where other measures may only provide partial information.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature , 2023. Vol. 13, no 1, article id 22344
National Category
Computational Mathematics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-341699DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-49747-1ISI: 001132079100015PubMedID: 38102467Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85179694545OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-341699DiVA, id: diva2:1823056
Note

QC 20231229

Available from: 2023-12-29 Created: 2023-12-29 Last updated: 2025-12-08Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Space-adaptive simulation of transition and turbulence in shear flows
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Space-adaptive simulation of transition and turbulence in shear flows
2024 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Alternative title[sv]
Rymdadaptiv simulering av transition och turbulens i skjuvströmning
Abstract [en]

Transitional and turbulent shear flows are ubiquitous, from the boundary layer developing on an aeroplane wing to the flow within the aortic arch. In this thesis, we study wall-bounded and free shear flows through direct numerical simulations. To control numerical errors and represent every flow structure, we implement the adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) technique within a spectral element method code. Using data-driven methods and causality metrics, we explore the fundamental physical mechanisms in various shear flows.

The adaptive mesh refinement technique necessitates a precise evaluation of the committed error. Thus, we compare the local spectral error indicator with the dual-weighted adjoint error estimator. The former ensures a more homogeneous refinement, targeting regions with a high-velocity gradient, while the latter is goal-oriented. However, the adjoint error estimator fails in turbulent flows due to the exponential sensitivity of the adjoint linear solution to any perturbation. Alternatively, we introduce a causality-based error indicator that employs the Shannon transfer entropy, i.e. a causality metric arising from information theory, to establish causal relations between the local solution and a specified quantity of interest.

Using information-theoretic causality, linear global stability analysis and modal decomposition, we investigate transitional and turbulent coherent structures. In turbulent straight pipe flows, the proper orthogonal decomposition is integrated with the Voronoi diagram to automatically discern between wall-attached and detached eddies. In spatially developing bent pipe flows, we employ the proper orthogonal decomposition to examine the swirl switching phenomenon, the origins of which continue to be a topic of debate. In the context of external flows around a cylinder, we explore two configurations: the Flettner rotor, a rotating cylinder in a wall-bounded shear flow, and the stepped cylinder, namely two cylinders of different diameters joined at one extremity. In the first configuration, we analyse the large-scale motion at the base of the rotor and the local vortex shedding suppression. In the second, we provide an in-depth look at structures arising on the junction surface and in the wake. Additionally, we conduct a global stability analysis with a novel AMR-based approach for some of the aforementioned cases.

Abstract [sv]

I denna avhandling studerar vi transitionella och turbulenta skjuvströmningar genom direkta numeriska simuleringar. Med hänsyn till den avgörande rollen av att kontrollera numeriska fel och representera varje skala i rummet, utvecklar, validerar och implementerar vi den adaptiva nätförfiningstekniken inom en spektralelementkod. Med hjälp av data-drivna metoder och mått för kausalitet utforskar vi de grundläggande fysikaliska mekanismerna i olika skjuvströmningar.

Den adaptiva nätförfiningen kräver en noggrann beräkning av det begångna felet. Således jämför vi den lokala spektrala felindikatorn med den felestimatorn från adjunkt-ekvationen. Den förra säkerställer en mer homogen förfining, inriktad på områden med en stor hastighetsgradient, medan den senare är målinriktad. Emellertid misslyckas den adjunkta felestimatorn i turbulenta flöden på grund av den exponentiella känsligheten hos den adjunkta linjära lösningen för turbulenta störningar. Som nytt alternativ introducerar vi en kausalitets-baserad felindikator som använder Shannon-transferentropin, dvs. ett kausalitets-mått som härrör från informationsteori, för att fastställa kausala samband mellan den lokala lösningen och en specificerad kvantitet av intresse.

Med hjälp av detta kausalitets-mått, linjär global stabilitetsanalys och modal dekomposition undersöker vi transitionella och turbulenta koherenta strukturer. I glatta turbulenta rörströmningar använder vi den så kallade proper orthogonal decomposition (POD) med Voronoi-diagrammet för att automatiskt skilja mellan väggnära och yttre virvlar. För strömningsfallet med ett krökt rör med 90 eller 180 grader-vinkel använder vi POD för att undersöka fenomenet swirl switching, vars ursprung fortsatt är oklart i litteraturen. I samband med den externa strömningen runt en cylinder utforskar vi två konfigurationer: Flettner-rotorn, en roterande cylinder i ett gränsskikt och den stegformade cylindern, där två cylindrar med olika diametrar är sammanfogade i ena änden. I den första konfigurationen analyserar vi den storskaliga rörelsen vid rotorns bas och den lokala förändringen av virvelamplituden. I den andra ger vi en djupgående analys av strukturer som uppstår nära mitten och i vaken. Dessutom genomför vi en global stabilitetsanalys med en ny adaptiv metod för att förstå bättre fysiken av de tidigare nämnda fallen.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2024
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2024:10
Keywords
Turbulence, global stability, coherent structures, adaptive mesh refinement, Turbulens, global stabilitet, koherenta strukturer, adaptiv nätförfining
National Category
Fluid Mechanics
Research subject
Engineering Mechanics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-344052 (URN)978-91-8040-844-8 (ISBN)
Public defence
2024-03-27, F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 240304

Available from: 2024-03-04 Created: 2024-02-29 Last updated: 2025-02-09Bibliographically approved

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Massaro, DanieleRezaeiravesh, SalehSchlatter, Philipp

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