kth.sePublications KTH
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Lenses Combined with Array Antennas for the Next Generation of Terrestrial and Satellite Communication Systems
Ericsson AB, Ericsson Res, Stockholm, Sweden..ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2004-4433
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2095-121x
Viasat Antenna Syst SA, Lausanne, Switzerland..
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Electrical Engineering, Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4900-4788
2024 (English)In: IEEE Communications Magazine, ISSN 0163-6804, E-ISSN 1558-1896, Vol. 62, no 9, p. 176-182Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

The current worldwide energy and economical crisis has triggered the need for more sustainable technological solutions to implement energy-efficient next generation communication systems, which should also be commercially viable and cost-effective. Moreover, future terrestrial and satellite communications will bring a wide range of use cases, services, and environments with very different requirements and specifications to ful-fill in order to generate a smart digital, fully connected society. Designing new antennas for each single application is not feasible since it is very complex to meet the customer's demand in the short run, and antenna system solutions that are easily re-configurable to be re-used in diverse scenarios are needed. The combination of lenses with traditional phased array antennas (also known as dome antennas) is a promising way of mixing the advantages of both antenna technologies and optimizing the performance of our systems depending on the use case scenario. This article discusses the industrial and technical potential of using dome antennas implemented in different technologies for expected use cases and applications of future terrestrial and satellite communication systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2024. Vol. 62, no 9, p. 176-182
Keywords [en]
Antennas, Antenna arrays, Phased arrays, Satellite antennas, Dielectrics, 6G mobile communication, Sustainable development, Communication systems, Satellite communications, Energy efficiency
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-354392DOI: 10.1109/MCOM.024.2300370ISI: 001315180100004Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85174815730OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-354392DiVA, id: diva2:1903366
Note

QC 20241004

Available from: 2024-10-04 Created: 2024-10-04 Last updated: 2025-02-12Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Modeling and design of lenses combined with array antennas in the millimetre-wave regime
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Modeling and design of lenses combined with array antennas in the millimetre-wave regime
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This thesis investigates the combination of array antennas with lenses to simplify the feeding networks of planar arrays in the millimeter-wave regime. Two different strategies are proposed: linear arrays of vertically stacked lenses based on parallel plate waveguide (PPW) and planar array antennas with dielectric lenses placed on top. 

Due to their large electrical size, these antennas require efficient tools to design and simulate them. In this thesis, the farfield radiation pattern is calculated using two ray tracing models that use physical optics. Both models follow three steps: calculation of ray trajectories, calculation of amplitude distribution using the ray tube theory and evaluation of farfield radiation pattern. Furthermore, these models can also calculate the radiation efficiency. For PPW-based lenses, the efficiency decreases due to the conductivity and surface roughness of the metallic plates, whereas, for dielectric lenses, the efficiency decreases due to the material absorption and reflections. 

Three PPW-based lens array antennas are presented in this thesis. First, the scanning in two planes is tested using a water drop lens array antenna and a feeding network based on a power divider and phase shifters. The antenna is manufactured in different pieces using milling. Then, a monolithic geodesic lens array antenna is designed and manufactured using additive manufacturing, which prevents leakage and misalignment between pieces. The profile of the geodesic lens requires some modifications to adapt to the manufacturing technique. Finally, a multiple-ridge lens antenna is proposed to further reduce the height profile of these antennas. Two different ridges are proposed (rectangular and trapezoidal), which are suitable for milling and additive manufacturing. This type of lens antennas can also be vertically stacked to form a linear array. 

The combination of phased array antennas and dielectric lenses is of interest in the terrestrial and satellite communications industry. Dielectric lenses can increase the gain of the array in different scanning angles or redirect grating lobes. This can help to reduce the complexity and power consumption of array feeding networks. The two designed multilayer dielectric lenses show that using other curves to define the dielectric layers provide more degrees of freedom. This together with a customized design of the lens for the specific goal helps to achieve results close to the physical limits of the lens.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling undersöker hur linser kan kombineras med gruppantenner för att förenkla plana gruppantenners matningsnät vid millimetervågsfrekvenser. Två olika strategier föreslås: linjära gruppantenner bestående av vertikalt staplade geodesiska linsantenner baserade på planvågledare (PPW) och plana gruppantenner med dielektriska linser placerade ovanpå.

På grund av antennernas betydande elektriska storlek krävs effektiva verktyg för att designa och simulera dem. Här beräknas fjärrfältets strålningsdiagram med två strålföljningmodeller som använder fysiskalisk optik. Dessa modeller följer tre steg: beräkning av strålbanor medelst geometrisk optik, beräkning av amplitudfördelning genom att kräva att energin bevara längs strålarna och slutligen utvärdering av fjärrfältets strålningsdiagram från strålbanorna och amplitudfördelningen. Vidare kan dessa modeller också beräkna antennens verkningsgrad. För de PPW-baserade linserna minskar verkningsgraden på grund av metallers begränsade ledningsförmåga och ytojämnheter i de metalliska plattorna, medan verkningsgraden för dielektriska linser minskar på grund av materialets absorption och reflektioner.

Tre PPW-baserade linsgruppantenner presenteras i denna avhandling. Först presenteras strålstyrning  i två plan i en gruppantenn av vertikalt staplade PPW-linser och ett matningsnät baserat på effektfördelare och fasvridare. Antennen tillverkas i olika delar med fräsning. Därefter designas och tillverkas en monolitisk gruppantenn med hjälp av additiv tillverkning, vilket förhindrar läckage och fellinjerning mellan olika delar. Profilen för den geodesiska linsen kräver vissa modifieringar för att anpassas till tillverkningstekniken. Slutligen föreslås en åsad linsantenn för att minska höjden av PPW-linsanten. Två olika åsar föreslås (rektangulära och trapetsformade), som är lämpliga för fräsning respektive additiv tillverkning. Denna typ av linsantenner kan staplas vertikalt för att bilda en linjär gruppanten.

Kombinationen av fasstyrda gruppantenner och dielektriska linser är av intresse för mobil- och satellitkommunikation. Dielektriska linser kan öka gruppantenners förstärkning vid olika styrvinklar eller styra gallerlober. Detta kan bidra till att minska komplexiteten och strömförbrukningen hos matningsnäten för dessa gruppantenner. De två designade dielektriska linserna visar att användandet av olika profiler för de dielektriska lagren i linsen ger fler frihetsgrader. Detta, tillsammans med en anpassad design av linsen för specifika mål, bidrar till att de uppnådda resultaten ligger nära linsens fysikaliska gränser.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. iii, 50
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2025:15
Keywords
Array antennas, dielectric lenses, geodesic lenses, physical optics
National Category
Telecommunications
Research subject
Electrical Engineering
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-359821 (URN)978-91-8106-178-9 (ISBN)
Public defence
2025-03-14, https://kth-se.zoom.us/w/68384894801, F3, Lindstedtsvägen 26, Stockholm, 13:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 20250212

Available from: 2025-02-12 Created: 2025-02-12 Last updated: 2025-12-16Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Other links

Publisher's full textScopus

Authority records

Castillo Tapia, PilarQuevedo-Teruel, Oscar

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Algaba-Brazalez, AstridCastillo Tapia, PilarQuevedo-Teruel, Oscar
By organisation
Electromagnetic Engineering and Fusion Science
In the same journal
IEEE Communications Magazine
Telecommunications

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

doi
urn-nbn

Altmetric score

doi
urn-nbn
Total: 202 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf