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Voicing Discomfort, Communicating Breakdowns: Design Exploration of Felt Ethics in a Body-Based Workshop
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4320-4578
Estonian Academy of Arts Tallinn, Estonia.
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-0767-6973
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Human Centered Technology, Media Technology and Interaction Design, MID.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3127-1917
2024 (English)In: Live Uniting HCI for a Hyperlocal and Global Experience: Proceedings of the 13th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, NordiCHI 2024, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2024, article id 40Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This paper reports on a body-based exploration of felt ethics through a workshop with interaction designers. Contributing to developments of hands-on methods to approach ethics, we engaged with ethics through the experience of discomfort from interpersonal interaction. Our workshop methodology is grounded in soma design approach, while the theoretical roots of our work are in the ethics of care. In this paper, we analyse the workshop results based on video-recordings and post-workshop interviews with participants. Using a qualitative inductive approach, we consider (1) what constitutes discomfort in the interaction between workshop participants, and (2) how participants make this discomfort shared. Through that, we identify the ways in which bodies feel and display discomfort, and how it extends our understanding of ethics. We reflect over the potential, limitations, and risks of body-based workshops to explore design ethics, i.e. the norms and values of design practice, as a felt phenomenon.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) , 2024. article id 40
Keywords [en]
body, discomfort, ethics, workshop
National Category
Design Human Computer Interaction
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-355436DOI: 10.1145/3679318.3685375ISI: 001332352300040Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85206576003OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-355436DiVA, id: diva2:1909180
Conference
13th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, NordiCHI 2024, Uppsala, Sweden, October 13-16, 2024
Note

Part of ISBN 9798400709661

QC 20241203

Available from: 2024-10-30 Created: 2024-10-30 Last updated: 2026-04-13Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Ethical Reasoning in Tech Work: From Individual Responsibility to Collective Action
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Ethical Reasoning in Tech Work: From Individual Responsibility to Collective Action
2026 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Technology production is a complex process that requires the accumulation of resources and in which very little is done individually. Given the fragmentation of tech development and the limits of individual action, how much can tech workers affect the tech they produce? Do they care about the tech they are building and its implications for the world? Who should act to ensure that technology is “ethical”? What are the possibilities for individual and collective action that exist in tech workplaces? These are the questions I aim to answer in my dissertation. 

This dissertation is an interdisciplinary project connecting four studies with the methods from design research, ethnomethodology and sociology. The papers are published within the fields of human-computer interaction (HCI) and computer supported cooperative work (CSCW) and positioned within the tradition of studying ethics in practice, which approaches ethics by studying the work practices in specific tech organisations. Theoretically, my work is grounded in the philosophical tradition of ethics of care with its focus on concrete situated actions instead of omnirelevant rules, in the ethnomethodological tradition of respecifying theoretical phenomena as matters of practice, and in moral anthropology with its focus on ethics as shaped by communities.   

The four papers combined in the thesis explore the ethical reasoning of tech practitioners in academic settings, government officials working with AI in Sweden, and technology practitioners working in commercial companies in Europe. I rely on a variety of qualitative data: (1) a video-ethnography of design ideation sessions at the university; (2) an interview-study of ethical responsibility by tech practitioners in academia, governmental sector and the industry; (3) a a workshop-based study of voicing discomfort (critique) in a design workshop with academic; (4) an interview-based study of ethics discourses in tech companies in Europe. The studies contribute to design and HCI with an empirical research of ethical reasoning in everyday design work.  

The thesis aims to advance an anthropological, human-centred take on ethics in HCI. I argue in favour of including affect and emotion of tech practitioners into the discussion on ethics in HCI and emphasise the limitations of an individualistic take on ethics. Affect is important for connecting the level of everyday practices with structural power relations. Understanding the limitations of individual action and focusing on the potential for collective action instead is important for balancing responsibility with power. This thesis also draws attention to the inequality within the tech sector as a factor that hinders the possibility for forming a shared agenda and engaging in collective action. 

Abstract [sv]

Teknikproduktion är en komplex process som kräver ackumulering av resurser och där väldigt lite görs individuellt. Med tanke på fragmenteringen av utvecklingen av teknik och begränsningarna för individuellt agerande, hur mycket kan arbetare påverka den teknik de producerar? Bryr de sig om den teknik de producerar och dess konsekvenser för världen? Vem bör agera för att säkerställa att tekniken är “etisk”? Vilka möjligheter för individuellt och kollektivt agerande finns det på teknikarbetsplatser? Det är dessa frågor jag strävar efter att besvara i min avhandling.

Denna avhandling är ett tvärvetenskapligt projekt som kopplar samman fyra studier innehållande metoder från designforskning, etnometodologi och sociologi. Artiklarna är publicerade inom områdena människa-datorinteraktion (MDI) och datorstödd kooperativt arbete (CSCW) och positionerade inom praktisk etik, en forskningsansats som studerar etik genom att granska arbetsmetoder i specifika teknikorganisationer. Mitt arbete är teoretiskt grundat i den filosofiska traditionen i omsorgsetik med fokus på konkreta situerade handlingar istället för allmängiltiga regler, i den etnometodologiska traditionen att specificera teoretiska fenomen som praktiska frågor, och i moralantropologi med fokus på etik som formas av samhällen.

De fyra artiklarna som kombineras i avhandlingen utforskar det etiska resonemanget hos teknikutövare i akademiska miljöer, myndighetspersoner som arbetar med AI i Sverige och teknikutövare som arbetar i kommersiella företag i Europa. Jag förlitar mig på en mängd olika kvalitativa data: (1) en videoetnografi av designsessioner vid universitetet; (2) en intervjustudie om tillskrivning av etiskt ansvar av teknikutövare inom akademin, den offentliga sektorn och industrin; (3) en workshopbaserad studie av uttryck för obehag (kritik) i en designworkshop med akademiker; (4) en intervjubaserad studie av etiska diskurser i teknikföretag i Europa. Studierna bidrar till design- och MDI-fälten med empirisk forskning om etiskt resonemang i vardagligt designarbete.

Avhandlingen syftar till att främja en antropologisk, människocentrerad syn på etik inom MDI. Jag argumenterar för att inkludera affekt och känsla i diskussionen om etik inom MDI och betonar begränsningarna med en individualistisk syn på etik. Affekt är viktigt för att koppla samman vardagliga observerbara arbetsmetoder med strukturella maktrelationer inom tekniksektorn. Att förstå begränsningarna med individuellt handlande och istället fokusera på potentialen för ett kollektivt handlande är viktigt för att balansera ansvar med makt. Denna avhandling uppmärksammar också ojämlikheten inom tekniksektorn som en faktor som hindrar möjligheten att forma en gemensam agenda och engagera sig i kollektivt handlande.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2026. p. xi, 71
Series
TRITA-EECS-AVL ; 2026:30
Keywords
ethics, moratily, emotions, interview study, responsibility
National Category
Ethics Philosophy
Research subject
Human-computer Interaction
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-379133 (URN)978-91-8106-575-6 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-05-08, https://kth-se.zoom.us/j/65309760094, Q2, Malvinas Väg 10, Stockholm, 14:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Wallenberg AI, Autonomous Systems and Software Program – Humanity and Society (WASP-HS), MMW 2019.0228
Note

QC 20260429

Available from: 2026-04-13 Created: 2026-04-10 Last updated: 2026-04-29Bibliographically approved

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Popova, KristinaPark, Joo YoungComber, Robert

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