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Soft sensor for the dry solid content in thickened primary sludge
Division of Industrial Electrical Engineering and Automation (IEA), Department of Biomedical Engineering, Lund University, P.O. Box 118, SE-22100 Lund, Sweden, P.O. Box 118; IVL Swedish Environmental Research Institute, P.O. Box 21060, SE-10031 Stockholm, Sweden, P.O. Box 21060.
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Theoretical Computer Science, TCS.ORCID iD: 0009-0002-3601-5856
Stockholm Vatten och Avfall, SE-106 36 Stockholm, Sweden.
Division of Systems and Control, Department of Information Technology, Uppsala University, P.O. Box 337, SE-75105 Uppsala, Sweden, P.O. Box 337.
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2024 (English)In: Water Science and Technology, ISSN 0273-1223, E-ISSN 1996-9732, Vol. 90, no 7, p. 1946-1956Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Software sensors, or soft sensors, can be a feasible option to monitor parameters that are difficult (or impossible) to measure with hardware sensors. At Henriksdal water resource recovery facility (WRRF), the operators have long experienced issues with a clogging sensor for the dry solids (DS) content in thickened primary sludge. A soft sensor was developed, and in the process, two methods were compared: long short-term memory (LSTM) network, and linear regression. The first is a recurrent neural network that can capture non-linear dynamics, whereas the latter is a linear static model. The LSTM network was the best at predicting the DS content, with a mean squared error (MSE) of 0.341 with respect to laboratory data. The linear regression model performed worse than estimating a long-time average of daily manual samples but outperformed the online sensor. Replacing the existing sensor with the developed soft sensor can open possibilities to more efficient control and operation of the thickener unit.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
IWA Publishing , 2024. Vol. 90, no 7, p. 1946-1956
Keywords [en]
artificial neural network, machine learning, sludge thickening, soft sensor, wastewater treatment
National Category
Other Electrical Engineering, Electronic Engineering, Information Engineering Water Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-356324DOI: 10.2166/wst.2024.249ISI: 001273800300001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85208148148OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-356324DiVA, id: diva2:1912908
Note

QC 20241114

Available from: 2024-11-13 Created: 2024-11-13 Last updated: 2024-11-14Bibliographically approved

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Bröndum, Eric

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