kth.sePublications KTH
Change search
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf
Regularizing and Interpreting Vision Transformers by Patch Selection on Echocardiography Data
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Gene Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-3181-3800
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Robotics, Perception and Learning, RPL.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5211-6388
2024 (English)In: CONFERENCE ON HEALTH, INFERENCE, AND LEARNING / [ed] Pollard, T Choi, E Singhal, P Hughes, M Sizikova, E Mortazavi, B Chen, I Wang, F Sarker, T McDermott, M Ghassemi, M, The Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR) , 2024, Vol. 248, p. 155-168Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

This work introduces a novel approach to model regularization and explanation in Vision Transformers (ViTs), particularly beneficial for small-scale but high-dimensional data regimes, such as in healthcare. We introduce stochastic embedded feature selection in the context of echocardiography video analysis, specifically focusing on the EchoNet-Dynamic dataset for the prediction of Left Ventricular Ejection Fraction (LVEF). Our proposed method, termed Gumbel Video Vision-Transformers (G-ViTs), augments Video Vision-Transformers (V-ViTs), a performant transformer architecture for videos with Concrete Autoencoders (CAEs), a common dataset-level feature selection technique, to enhance V-ViT's generalization and interpretability. The key contribution lies in the incorporation of stochastic token selection individually for each video frame during training. Such token selection regularizes the training of V-ViT, improves its interpretability, and is achieved by differentiable sampling of categoricals using the Gumbel-Softmax distribution. Our experiments on EchoNet-Dynamic demonstrate a consistent and notable regularization effect. The G-ViT model outperforms both a random selection baseline and standard V-ViT. The G-ViT is also compared against recent works on EchoNet-Dynamic where it exhibits state-of-the-art performance among end-to-end learned methods. Finally, we explore model explainability by visualizing selected patches, providing insights into how the G-ViT utilizes regions known to be crucial for LVEF prediction for humans. This proposed approach, therefore, extends beyond regularization, offering enhanced interpretability for ViTs.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
The Journal of Machine Learning Research (JMLR) , 2024. Vol. 248, p. 155-168
Series
Proceedings of Machine Learning Research, ISSN 2640-3498
National Category
Computer graphics and computer vision
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-357514ISI: 001347132700011OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-357514DiVA, id: diva2:1919587
Conference
5th Annual Conference on Health, Inference, and Learning (CHIL), JUN 27-28, 2024, New York, NY
Note

QC 20241209

Available from: 2024-12-09 Created: 2024-12-09 Last updated: 2025-02-07Bibliographically approved

Open Access in DiVA

No full text in DiVA

Authority records

Nilsson, AlfredAzizpour, Hossein

Search in DiVA

By author/editor
Nilsson, AlfredAzizpour, Hossein
By organisation
Gene TechnologyRobotics, Perception and Learning, RPL
Computer graphics and computer vision

Search outside of DiVA

GoogleGoogle Scholar

urn-nbn

Altmetric score

urn-nbn
Total: 115 hits
CiteExportLink to record
Permanent link

Direct link
Cite
Citation style
  • apa
  • ieee
  • modern-language-association-8th-edition
  • vancouver
  • Other style
More styles
Language
  • de-DE
  • en-GB
  • en-US
  • fi-FI
  • nn-NO
  • nn-NB
  • sv-SE
  • Other locale
More languages
Output format
  • html
  • text
  • asciidoc
  • rtf