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The Applicability of Rock Bolt Supporting Factor based on Rock Mass Behavior: A Case Study of Alborz Tunnel
School of Mining Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
KTH, School of Architecture and the Built Environment (ABE), Civil and Architectural Engineering, Soil and Rock Mechanics.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4824-420x
Department of Mining Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Birjand, Birjand, Iran.
2025 (English)In: Journal of Mining and Environment, ISSN 2251-8592, Vol. 16, no 2, p. 599-611Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

A better understanding of rock mass behavior is an essential part of the design and construction of underground structures. Any improvement in the understanding of the behavior of rock mass will facilitate the improvement of the design in terms of the safety of the working environment, long-term safety of the structure, environmental effects, and sound management of public or private resources. Thus, in step one in this paper the experience gained from applying the GDE (Geo Data Engineering) multiple graph approach for rock mass classification and assessing its behavior throughout excavation of the Alborz tunnel is presented. The predicted hazards are compared with the experienced problems and suggestions are given to be considered in future works of tunnel construction. In step two, the GDE multiple graph approach is compared to the rock mass behavior types proposed by Palmstrom & Stille (2007) in terms of the continuity of rock mass. The result of this comparison together with the data obtained from rock mass classification in the Alborz tunnel are used to develop a system that determines the applicability of the rock bolt supporting factor (RSF) in different rock mass behavior classes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Shahrood University of Technology , 2025. Vol. 16, no 2, p. 599-611
Keywords [en]
Alborz tunnel, GDE multiple graph, Rock Bolt Supporting Factor (RSF), Rock mass behaviour, Rock Mass Rating system (RMR)
National Category
Other Civil Engineering
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-361184DOI: 10.22044/jme.2024.14405.2697ISI: 001435517800001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-85219713732OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-361184DiVA, id: diva2:1944139
Note

QC 20250317

Available from: 2025-03-12 Created: 2025-03-12 Last updated: 2025-03-17Bibliographically approved

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Mohammadi, Mohammad

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