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On the nature of the selectivity of oxygen delignification
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-2900-4713
Valmet AB, 851 94 Sundsvall, Sweden.
RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Bioeconomy and Health, Sustainable Materials and Packaging Department, Drottning Kristinas väg 61, SE-114 28 Stockholm, Sweden, Drottning Kristinas väg 61.
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2025 (English)In: Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal, ISSN 0283-2631, E-ISSN 2000-0669, Vol. 40, no 1, p. 61-69Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

This work has focused on oxygen's role in the delignification process within the context of pulp production. We have investigated the role of oxygen in a complex set of chemical reactions taking place during this process, including both oxidative and non-oxidative reactions. This study explores the impact of pH changes during the oxygen delignification process and the characteristics of the resulting pulps. Additionally, this research examines the effect of oxygen, by comparing conventional oxygen delignification with trials using air and nitrogen. Industrial softwood kraft pulps with a kappa number of 35 were subjected to delignification for 20-120 min under alkaline conditions. The resulting pulps were assessed for kappa number, intrinsic viscosity, fiber charge, and ISO brightness. An important observation from this research is the reduction in lignin molecular weight upon exposure to oxygen and air, suggesting depolymerization reactions facilitated by oxygen species, whereas nitrogen exposure results in less pronounced changes. This finding underscores the impact of oxygen in altering lignin structure, thus informing the selectivity and effectiveness of the delignification process.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Walter de Gruyter GmbH , 2025. Vol. 40, no 1, p. 61-69
Keywords [en]
alkaline extraction, alkaline leaching, kraft pulp, oxygen delignification, selectivity, viscosity
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-363103DOI: 10.1515/npprj-2024-0026ISI: 001359220200001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105003286446OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-363103DiVA, id: diva2:1956352
Note

QC 20250506

Available from: 2025-05-06 Created: 2025-05-06 Last updated: 2025-12-16Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Lignin release during oxygen delignification – kinetics, structure and potential
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Lignin release during oxygen delignification – kinetics, structure and potential
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Oxygen delignification is a critical stage in modern kraft pulp production, enabling significant reductions in chlorine-based bleaching chemicals and environmental emissions while maintaining fiber quality. The process remains limited by challenges in efficiency and selectivity, governed jointly by chemical reactions and mass transport constraints. This thesis investigates the interplay between these mechanisms and explores the properties and valorisation potential of oxidized lignin (oxlignin) extracted from oxygen-stage wash liquors. Experimental results demonstrate that lignin removal during oxygen delignification is driven by a combination of rapid early-stage oxidative reactions and diffusion-controlled leaching. High oxygen pressure and sufficient alkalinity promote lignin depolymerization and oxidation, improving selectivity, while insufficient chemical conditions lead to lignin redeposition and cellulose degradation. Upstream factors such as brownstock washing efficiency and storage conditions significantly influenced lignin leaching and pulp quality, highlighting the importance of integrated process control. Oxlignin, isolated from industrial filtrates, differed markedly from conventional kraft lignin, exhibiting higher carboxylic acid content, improved water solubility, and a narrower molecular weight distribution. These properties suggest potential applications as dispersants or additives in biopolymer formulations. Ultrafiltration proved to be a viable approach for fractionating oxlignin. By connecting process optimization with resource valorisation, this work contributes to more sustainable kraft pulp production and supports the development of new lignin-based value streams in future biorefineries.

Abstract [sv]

Syrgasdelignifiering är ett viktigt steg i modern sulfatmassaproduktion och möjliggör en betydande minskning av klorbaserade blekkemikalier och miljöutsläpp samtidigt som fiberkvaliteten bibehålls. Trots att processen är väl etablerad finns begränsningar i effektivitet och selektivitet, vilka påverkas av både kemiska reaktioner och masstransportfenomen. Denna avhandling undersöker samspelet mellan dessa faktorer samt utforskar egenskaperna och värdepotentialen hos oxiderat lignin (oxlignin) som extraherats från tvättvätskor i syrgassteget. Studierna visar att ligninavlägsnandet styrs av en kombination av oxidativa reaktioner och diffusionsbegränsningar. Faktorer uppströms, såsom massatvätt och lagringsförhållanden, påverkar lakning av lignin och massakvalitet, vilket understryker vikten av integrerad processkontroll. Oxlignin, isolerat från industriella tvättvätskor, uppvisade tydliga skillnader jämfört med konventionella svartlutslignin, högre halt av karboxylsyror, förbättrad vattenlöslighet och mer homogen molekylviktsfördelning. Dessa egenskaper innebär potential för användning som till exempel dispergeringsmedel. Ultrafiltrering visades vara en möjlig metod för fraktionering av oxlignin. Genom att koppla processoptimering till resursvärdering bidrar detta arbete till en mer hållbar massaproduktion och utveckling av nya värdeflöden i bioraffinaderier.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 61
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2025-40
Keywords
Oxygen delignification, lignin valorization, oxlignin, mass transport, kraft pulp, ultrafiltration, Syreblekning, ligninvärdering, oxlignin, masstransport, sulfatmassa, ultrafiltrering
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Research subject
Fibre and Polymer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-374258 (URN)978-91-8106-505-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-01-23, F3 Lindstedtvägen 26, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Vinnova
Note

QC 20251216

Available from: 2025-12-16 Created: 2025-12-16 Last updated: 2026-01-12Bibliographically approved

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Sjöström, JennyLindström, MikaelHenriksson, GunnarSevastyanova, Olena

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