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Simultaneous polyclonal antibody sequencing and epitope mapping by cryo electron microscopy and mass spectrometry
Univ Utrecht, Bijvoet Ctr Biomol Res, Biomol Mass Spectrometry & Prote, Utrecht, Netherlands; Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
Univ Utrecht, Bijvoet Ctr Biomol Res, Biomol Mass Spectrometry & Prote, Utrecht, Netherlands; Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Gene Technology, Gene Technology. KTH, Centres, Science for Life Laboratory, SciLifeLab.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5689-9797
Univ Utrecht, Bijvoet Ctr Biomol Res, Biomol Mass Spectrometry & Prote, Utrecht, Netherlands; Univ Utrecht, Utrecht Inst Pharmaceut Sci, Utrecht, Netherlands.
2025 (English)In: eLIFE, E-ISSN 2050-084X, Vol. 14, article id RP101322Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Antibodies are a major component of adaptive immunity against invading pathogens. Here, we explore possibilities for an analytical approach to characterize the antigen-specific antibody repertoire directly from the secreted proteins in convalescent serum. This approach aims to perform simultaneous antibody sequencing and epitope mapping using a combination of single particle cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) and bottom-up proteomics techniques based on mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). We evaluate the performance of the deep-learning tool ModelAngelo in determining de novo antibody sequences directly from reconstructed 3D volumes of antibody-antigen complexes. We demonstrate that while map quality is a critical bottleneck, it is possible to sequence antibody variable domains from cryoEM reconstructions with accuracies of up to 80-90%. While the rate of errors exceeds the typical levels of somatic hypermutation, we show that the ModelAngelo-derived sequences can be used to assign the used V-genes. This provides a functional guide to assemble de novo peptides from LC-MS/MS data more accurately and improves the tolerance to a background of polyclonal antibody sequences. Following this proof-of-principle, we discuss the feasibility and future directions of this approach to characterize antigen-specific antibody repertoires.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
eLife Sciences Publications, Ltd , 2025. Vol. 14, article id RP101322
Keywords [en]
antibody, epitope, repertoire, proteomics, cryoEM, Human, Mouse, Rhesus macaque, Other
National Category
Immunology in the Medical Area
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-364249DOI: 10.7554/eLife.101322ISI: 001473792700001PubMedID: 40266252OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-364249DiVA, id: diva2:1967066
Note

QC 20250611

Available from: 2025-06-11 Created: 2025-06-11 Last updated: 2025-10-10Bibliographically approved

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Käll, Lukas

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