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Functionalized Glass Fibers in Reversible Networks-A Cross-Road to Dimensional Stability and Facile Recycling of Cross-Linked Elastomers
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology, Polymer Technology. DPI, P.O. Box 902, Eindhoven 5600 AX, The Netherlands.ORCID iD: 0009-0005-3580-0184
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemistry, Surface and Corrosion Science.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-2206-0082
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology. DPI, P.O. Box 902, Eindhoven 5600 AX, The Netherlands.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-7790-8987
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology. DPI, P.O. Box 902, Eindhoven 5600 AX, The Netherlands.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5850-8873
2025 (English)In: ACS Sustainable Chemistry and Engineering, E-ISSN 2168-0485, Vol. 13, no 18, p. 6746-6761Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Recycling of polymer composites by melt-extrusion has been limited to reinforced thermoplastics. Here, we demonstrate several melt-extrusion recycling cycles for glass fiber-reinforced elastomers cross-linked with a reversible cross-linker (SS). In comparison, reinforced elastomers lacking reversible cross-linking (CC) exhibited clogging during successive melt-extrusion recycling. Furthermore, commercially available starting materials, such as maleated polypropylene (PPgMA), maleated ethylene propylene rubber (EPRgMA), and short-cut glass fibers, were utilized. We showed that when tetrasulfide functionalized glass fibers (SGF) were embedded in SS cross-linked composites (CompSS-SGF), disulfide exchange reactions were further activated. This was manifested in the high tensile strength of 10 MPa and 220% elongation, which were remarkably higher than the 6 MPa and 17% elongation of CC cross-linked composites (CompCC-SGF). Moreover, the higher interactions of CompSS-SGF contributed to at least a 25% increase in tensile strength and storage modulus and a 36% increase in creep resistance compared to composite counterparts prepared with as-received glass fibers (CompSS-AGF) or clean glass fibers (CompSS-CGF). Additionally, the disulfide exchanges in CompSS-SGF possibly contributed to a approximate to 10% higher tensile strength after recycling. This simple up-scalable approach opens new avenues for the development of fiber-reinforced cross-linked elastomers with facile processability, higher dimensional stability, and up-scalable recycling processes.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society (ACS) , 2025. Vol. 13, no 18, p. 6746-6761
Keywords [en]
recycling, elastomers, glass fiber, composites, disulfide exchanges, melt-extrusion
National Category
Polymer Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-365287DOI: 10.1021/acssuschemeng.5c01615ISI: 001477912300001Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105003884311OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-365287DiVA, id: diva2:1973393
Note

QC 20250619

Available from: 2025-06-19 Created: 2025-06-19 Last updated: 2025-06-19Bibliographically approved

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Garfias, KarlaOdnevall, IngerHakkarainen, MinnaOdelius, Karin

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