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Oxlignin: A Novel Type of Technical Lignin from Kraft Pulp Mills
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology.ORCID iD: 0009-0006-6182-1031
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology, Coating Technology. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center.ORCID iD: 0009-0001-3837-2550
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-8817-2031
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Centres, Wallenberg Wood Science Center. KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Fibre- and Polymer Technology, Wood Chemistry and Pulp Technology.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7433-0350
2025 (English)In: ACS Omega, E-ISSN 2470-1343, Vol. 10, no 18, p. 18784-18792Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

Lignin, a bio-originated polymer, is being explored as an alternative to nonrenewable fossil resources. It is obtained from biomass during pulping and is mostly burned for energy. In most kraft pulp lines, residual lignin in the pulp is oxidized and solubilized during an oxygen delignification step. This study proposes an isolation method for lignin solubilized during oxygen delignification, which we refer to as "oxlignin", and explores its structural characteristics and properties. The study found acid precipitation to be an effective method for partially isolating oxlignin from the oxygen delignification step. Various analytical methods were employed, including UV-vis absorption analysis, 31P NMR spectroscopy, FT-IR spectroscopy, SEC, and TGA. In addition, the solubility of the lignin was studied in four different solvents and compared to the commercial kraft lignins. The study found that oxlignin is a promising substitute for lignosulfonates in certain applications due to its hydrophilicity and high solubility in water, methanol, and ethanol. Compared to kraft lignins, oxlignin has a lower phenolic group content but higher carboxylic acid content.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
American Chemical Society (ACS) , 2025. Vol. 10, no 18, p. 18784-18792
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology Physical Chemistry
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-365288DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.5c00434ISI: 001478739200001PubMedID: 40385208Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105003767951OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-365288DiVA, id: diva2:1973504
Note

QC 20250619

Available from: 2025-06-19 Created: 2025-06-19 Last updated: 2025-12-16Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Lignin release during oxygen delignification – kinetics, structure and potential
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Lignin release during oxygen delignification – kinetics, structure and potential
2025 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

Oxygen delignification is a critical stage in modern kraft pulp production, enabling significant reductions in chlorine-based bleaching chemicals and environmental emissions while maintaining fiber quality. The process remains limited by challenges in efficiency and selectivity, governed jointly by chemical reactions and mass transport constraints. This thesis investigates the interplay between these mechanisms and explores the properties and valorisation potential of oxidized lignin (oxlignin) extracted from oxygen-stage wash liquors. Experimental results demonstrate that lignin removal during oxygen delignification is driven by a combination of rapid early-stage oxidative reactions and diffusion-controlled leaching. High oxygen pressure and sufficient alkalinity promote lignin depolymerization and oxidation, improving selectivity, while insufficient chemical conditions lead to lignin redeposition and cellulose degradation. Upstream factors such as brownstock washing efficiency and storage conditions significantly influenced lignin leaching and pulp quality, highlighting the importance of integrated process control. Oxlignin, isolated from industrial filtrates, differed markedly from conventional kraft lignin, exhibiting higher carboxylic acid content, improved water solubility, and a narrower molecular weight distribution. These properties suggest potential applications as dispersants or additives in biopolymer formulations. Ultrafiltration proved to be a viable approach for fractionating oxlignin. By connecting process optimization with resource valorisation, this work contributes to more sustainable kraft pulp production and supports the development of new lignin-based value streams in future biorefineries.

Abstract [sv]

Syrgasdelignifiering är ett viktigt steg i modern sulfatmassaproduktion och möjliggör en betydande minskning av klorbaserade blekkemikalier och miljöutsläpp samtidigt som fiberkvaliteten bibehålls. Trots att processen är väl etablerad finns begränsningar i effektivitet och selektivitet, vilka påverkas av både kemiska reaktioner och masstransportfenomen. Denna avhandling undersöker samspelet mellan dessa faktorer samt utforskar egenskaperna och värdepotentialen hos oxiderat lignin (oxlignin) som extraherats från tvättvätskor i syrgassteget. Studierna visar att ligninavlägsnandet styrs av en kombination av oxidativa reaktioner och diffusionsbegränsningar. Faktorer uppströms, såsom massatvätt och lagringsförhållanden, påverkar lakning av lignin och massakvalitet, vilket understryker vikten av integrerad processkontroll. Oxlignin, isolerat från industriella tvättvätskor, uppvisade tydliga skillnader jämfört med konventionella svartlutslignin, högre halt av karboxylsyror, förbättrad vattenlöslighet och mer homogen molekylviktsfördelning. Dessa egenskaper innebär potential för användning som till exempel dispergeringsmedel. Ultrafiltrering visades vara en möjlig metod för fraktionering av oxlignin. Genom att koppla processoptimering till resursvärdering bidrar detta arbete till en mer hållbar massaproduktion och utveckling av nya värdeflöden i bioraffinaderier.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Stockholm: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2025. p. 61
Series
TRITA-CBH-FOU ; 2025-40
Keywords
Oxygen delignification, lignin valorization, oxlignin, mass transport, kraft pulp, ultrafiltration, Syreblekning, ligninvärdering, oxlignin, masstransport, sulfatmassa, ultrafiltrering
National Category
Paper, Pulp and Fiber Technology
Research subject
Fibre and Polymer Science
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-374258 (URN)978-91-8106-505-3 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-01-23, F3 Lindstedtvägen 26, Stockholm, 10:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Funder
Vinnova
Note

QC 20251216

Available from: 2025-12-16 Created: 2025-12-16 Last updated: 2026-01-12Bibliographically approved

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Sjöström, JennyBrandt, LouiseHenriksson, GunnarSevastyanova, Olena

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Paper, Pulp and Fiber TechnologyPhysical Chemistry

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