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Femtosecond laser-written microstructured dual hole flat fibre pressure sensor
Optoelectronics Research Centre, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Light and Matter Physics. Optoelectronics Research Centre, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0137-260X
Optoelectronics Research Centre, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
Optoelectronics Research Centre, Highfield Campus, University of Southampton, Southampton, SO17 1BJ, United Kingdom.
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2025 (English)In: 29th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng , 2025, article id 136396VConference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Interest in silica flat fibre-based sensing technology has been fuelled by their flexibility, defined orientation, and ease of integration with fibre composites, in particular for structural health monitoring. However, the solid flat fibre strain sensitivity remains largely dictated by bulk material properties. We demonstrate here the fabrication and use of a silica microstructured flat fibre with a dual hole cross section for pressure sensing, wherein two sealed air holes concentrate strain caused by external pressure changes to a central glass region containing a waveguide core and Bragg gratings, thus enhancing their sensitivity. Integrated sensing elements were inscribed by femtosecond laser λ = 515 nm 200 fs pulses in the central region, including a waveguide and two identical 4th order 3 mm long gratings at λ = 1.55 μm Bragg wavelength separated by 11 mm to form an interference sensor. The laser inscription provides an intrinsic waveguide birefringence leading to a Vernier effect in the reflected spectrum. When external pressure is increased, the birefringence changes resulting in sensitive peak and dip level changes. The sensor was interrogated using a broadband erbium doped amplifier source while recording the back-reflected spectrum as pressure was varied from 0 to 5 bar using a nitrogen pressure chamber enclosing the sensor. The peak-to-dip extinction showed a linear pressure sensitivity of 0.83 dB/bar over the 0 to 3 bar range, before plateauing at 4 bar and decreasing slightly at 5 bar, as well as a high consistency under repeated pressure ramping.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
SPIE-Intl Soc Optical Eng , 2025. article id 136396V
Keywords [en]
femtosecond laser writing, fibre fabrication, Flat fibre, optical fibre sensing, pressure sensing
National Category
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-368518DOI: 10.1117/12.3062285ISI: 001517368300227Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105007919207OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-368518DiVA, id: diva2:1989789
Conference
29th International Conference on Optical Fiber Sensors, Porto, Portugal, May 25 2025 - May 30 2025
Note

Part of ISBN 9781510691872

QC 20250818

Available from: 2025-08-18 Created: 2025-08-18 Last updated: 2025-12-05Bibliographically approved

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Maniewski, Pawel

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