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Vanishing Stacked-Residual PINN for State Reconstruction of Hyperbolic Systems
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Decision and Control Systems (Automatic Control). KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Centres, Digital futures.ORCID iD: 0009-0005-0098-7356
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Intelligent systems, Decision and Control Systems (Automatic Control). KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Centres, Digital futures.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9432-254X
2025 (English)In: IEEE Control Systems Letters, E-ISSN 2475-1456, Vol. 9, p. 1417-1422Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In a more connected world, modeling multi-agent systems with hyperbolic partial differential equations (PDEs) offers a compact, physics-consistent description of collective dynamics. However, classical control tools need adaptation for these complex systems. Physics-informed neural networks (PINNs) provide a powerful framework to fix this issue by inferring solutions to PDEs by embedding governing equations into the neural network. A major limitation of original PINNs is their inability to capture steep gradients and discontinuities in hyperbolic PDEs. To tackle this problem, we propose a stacked residual PINN method enhanced with a vanishing viscosity mechanism. Initially, a basic PINN with a small viscosity coefficient provides a stable, low-fidelity solution. Residual correction blocks with learnable scaling parameters then iteratively refine this solution, progressively decreasing the viscosity coefficient to transition from parabolic to hyperbolic PDEs. Applying this method to traffic state reconstruction improved results by an order of magnitude in relative (Formula presented) error, demonstrating its potential to accurately estimate solutions where original PINNs struggle with instability and low fidelity.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2025. Vol. 9, p. 1417-1422
Keywords [en]
Distributed control, estimation, traffic control
National Category
Computational Mathematics Computer Sciences
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-368749DOI: 10.1109/LCSYS.2025.3580026ISI: 001527211800025Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105008557577OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-368749DiVA, id: diva2:1990887
Note

QC 20250924

Available from: 2025-08-21 Created: 2025-08-21 Last updated: 2025-10-24Bibliographically approved

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Eshkofti, KatayounBarreau, Matthieu

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