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Quantum topological photonics with special focus on waveguide systems
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Biophotonics.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics.
School of Physics, Interdisciplinary Center of Quantum Information, and Zhejiang Key Laboratory of Micro-Nano Quantum Chips and Quantum Control, Zhejiang University, 310027, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, China.
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics, Quantum and Nano Physics.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5726-1063
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2024 (English)In: Npj Nanophotonics, E-ISSN 2948-216X, Vol. 1, no 1, article id 34Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

In the burgeoning field of quantum topological photonics, waveguide systems play a crucial role. This perspective delves into the intricate interplay between photonic waveguides and topological phenomena, underscoring the theoretical underpinnings of topological insulators and their photonic manifestations. We highlight key milestones and breakthroughs in topological photonics using waveguide systems, alongside an in-depth analysis of their fabrication techniques and tunability. The discussion includes the technological advancements and challenges, limitations of current methods, and potential strategies for improvement. This perspective also examines the quantum states of light in topological waveguides, where the confluence of topology and quantum optics promises robust avenues for quantum communication and computing. Concluding with a forward-looking view, we aim to inspire new research and innovation in quantum topological photonics, highlighting its potential for the next generation of photonic technologies.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Springer Nature , 2024. Vol. 1, no 1, article id 34
National Category
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics Other Physics Topics
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-369515DOI: 10.1038/s44310-024-00034-5Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105011076200OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-369515DiVA, id: diva2:1997241
Note

QC 20250911

Available from: 2025-09-11 Created: 2025-09-11 Last updated: 2026-09-10Bibliographically approved
In thesis
1. Hamiltonian Engineering in Integrated Photonics: From Static Lattices to Reconfigurable Physical Simulation
Open this publication in new window or tab >>Hamiltonian Engineering in Integrated Photonics: From Static Lattices to Reconfigurable Physical Simulation
2026 (English)Doctoral thesis, comprehensive summary (Other academic)
Abstract [en]

This dissertation investigates the emulation of complex wave dynamics, topologicalphases, and non-Hermitian systems using integrated photonic circuits,addressing the limitations of traditional static and energy-conservingoptical systems through passive and reconfigurable architectures.The experimental foundation relies on two complementary platforms: passivesilicon nitride circuits for simulating static spatial propagation, and programmablesilicon-on-insulator Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI) meshes.Utilizing singular value decomposition, the active meshes synthesize discretetimeevolution operators to dynamically tune coupling amplitudes and onsitepotentials.Within the Hermitian framework, the passive circuits provide observationalevidence of the Topological Anderson Phase and a reentrant metal-insulatortransition driven by spatially correlated disorder. Additionally, the activeMZI mesh is employed to emulate the Bloch-Siegert shift. By mapping thediscrete time evolution of a driven two-level system onto spatial propagation,the system demonstrates resonance jumps and the conversion of bidirectionalRabi oscillations into unidirectional transport.The experimental scope is subsequently expanded into the non-Hermitianregime. Employing the unitary dilation method, ancillary modes on the programmablemesh introduce controlled dissipation to synthesize non-unitaryoperators. This approach enables the realization of a non-Hermitian Hamiltonianon a Klein bottle parameter space, yielding experimental signaturesconsistent with paired exceptional points. Furthermore, implementing rowstochasticMarkov matrices demonstrates dissipation-induced multimode phasesynchronization, with synchronization rates governed by the spectral gapand operating independently of absolute optical attenuation.In summary, this thesis explores Hamiltonian engineering on integrated photonicplatforms as a method to simulate topological and non-Hermitian phenomena.The investigated architectures and dissipative mechanisms offera framework for studying fundamental wave physics, suggesting potential pathways for future applications in exceptional-point-enhanced optical neuralnetworks and high-bandwidth optical interconnects.

Abstract [sv]

Denna avhandling undersöker emuleringen av komplex vågdynamik, topologiskafaser och icke-hermitska system med hjälp av integrerade fotoniskakretsar, och adresserar begränsningarna hos traditionella statiska och energibevarelsebaseradeoptiska system genom passiva och omkonfigurerbaraarkitekturer.Den experimentella grunden vilar på två kompletterande plattformar: passivakretsar av kiselnitrid för simulering av statisk spatial utbredning, samtprogrammerbara nätverk av Mach-Zehnder-interferometrar (MZI) på kiselpå-isolator (SOI). Genom att använda singulärvärdesuppdelning (SVD) syntetiserarde aktiva nätverken tidsdiskreta evolutionsoperatorer för att dynamisktjustera kopplingsamplituder och lokala potentialer (on-site potentials).Inom det hermitska ramverket tillhandahåller de passiva kretsarna observationellabevis för den topologiska Andersonfasen och en återinträdandemetall-isolator-övergång driven av rumsligt korrelerad oordning. Vidare användsdet aktiva MZI-nätverket för att emulera Bloch-Siegert-skiftet. Genomatt kartlägga den tidsdiskreta utvecklingen av ett drivet tvånivåsystem påspatial utbredning demonstrerar systemet resonanshopp och omvandlingenav dubbelriktade Rabi-oscillationer till enkelriktad transport.Det experimentella omfånget utvidgas därefter till den icke-hermitska regimen.Genom att tillämpa metoden för unitär dilation introducerar hjälpmoderer(ancillary modes) på det programmerbara nätverket en kontrolleraddissipation för att syntetisera icke-unitära operatorer. Detta tillvägagångssättmöjliggör förverkligandet av en icke-hermitsk hamiltonian i ett parameterområdemotsvarande en Kleinflaska, vilket ger experimentella signaturer förenligamed parade exceptionella punkter (exceptional points). Genom implementeringenav radstokastiska Markovmatriser demonstreras dessutom dissipationsinduceradmultimod-fassynkronisering, där synkroniseringshastighetenstyrs av spektralgapet och verkar oberoende av absolut optisk dämpning.Sammanfattningsvis utforskar denna avhandling hamiltonsk ingenjörskonstpå integrerade fotoniska plattformar som en metod för att simulera topologiskaoch icke-hermitska fenomen. De undersökta arkitekturerna och dissipativamekanismerna erbjuder ett ramverk för att studera grundläggandevågfysik och föreslår potentiella vägar för framtida tillämpningar inom optiskaneurala nätverk förbättrade med exceptionella punkter, samt optiskasammankopplingar med hög bandbredd.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Sweden: KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 2026. p. 165
Series
TRITA-SCI-FOU ; 2026:25
Keywords
Integrated Photonics, Silicon Nitride, Programmable Photonic Circuits, Hamiltonian Engineering, Topological Photonics, Non-Hermitian Physics, Exceptional Points, Anderson Localization, Dissipative Synchronization, Integrerad fotonik, Kiselnitrid, Programmerbara fotoniska kretsar, Hamiltonsk ingenjörskonst, Topologisk fotonik, Icke-hermitsk fysik, Exceptionella punkter, Anderson-lokalisering, Dissipativ synkronisering.
National Category
Atom and Molecular Physics and Optics
Research subject
Physics, Optics and Photonics
Identifiers
urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-388167 (URN)978-91-8106-694-4 (ISBN)
Public defence
2026-10-02, F3 (Flodis),, Lindstedtsvägen 26 & 28, 09:00 (English)
Opponent
Supervisors
Note

QC 2026-09-11

Available from: 2026-09-11 Created: 2026-09-10 Last updated: 2026-09-29Bibliographically approved

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Gao, JunXu, Ze-ShengZwiller, ValElshaari, Ali W.

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