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256 GBaud RRM-based OOK Link in C-band Enabled by Neural Network Equalization
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences (SCI), Applied Physics. RISE Research Institutes of Sweden, Kista, Sweden, 164 40.
University of Copenhagen, Karen Blixens Plads 8, Centre for Digital and Computational Humanities, Denmark, 2300; Technical University of Denmark, DTU Electro, Lyngby, Denmark, 2800.
Riga Technical University, Institute of Photonics, Electronics and Telecommunications, Riga, Latvia, 1048; Keysight Technologies Deutschland GmbH, Böblingen, Germany.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-7538-4924
Riga Technical University, Institute of Photonics, Electronics and Telecommunications, Riga, Latvia, 1048.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-9465-0164
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2025 (English)In: Journal of Lightwave Technology, ISSN 0733-8724, E-ISSN 1558-2213, Vol. 43, no 19, p. 9148-9156Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

With the AI boom, data center interconnects require higher symbol rates and throughput. Intensity modulation and direct detection (IM/DD) is a cost-effective candidate for short-reach optical links. Ring resonator-based modulators (RRMs) with broad bandwidth have emerged as a promising solution for high-speed IM/DD links. However, RRMs introduce nonlinear impairments, which can cause rate bottlenecks in IM/DD. In this work, we demonstrate up to 256 GBaud RRM-based optical amplification-free on-off keying links enabled by two NN-based equalizers. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first RRM-based IM/DD demonstration of a 256 GBaud OOK link. We achieve bit-errorratio below the 7% overhead hard-decision forward error correction threshold after transmission over 100 m single-mode fiber (SMF) for all considered symbol rates. Our work outperforms recent state-of-the-art RRM-based IM/DD studies by applying NN equalization using a 42-GHz bandwidth RRM with a driving voltage of 2.7-V<inf>pp</inf>. The achieved performance and complexity analysis reported in this work are a key step towards future implementations of NN-based equalizers in hardware to enable high-symbol-rate IM/DD systems.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2025. Vol. 43, no 19, p. 9148-9156
Keywords [en]
Intensity modulation and direct detection, Neural networks, Optical interconnects, Ring resonator-based modulator links
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-369730DOI: 10.1109/JLT.2025.3599665ISI: 001574225500023Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105013894108OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-369730DiVA, id: diva2:1997964
Note

QC 20250915

Available from: 2025-09-15 Created: 2025-09-15 Last updated: 2025-12-30Bibliographically approved

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Li, DanNatalino, Carlos

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