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The effect of temperature and load as a stressor for proton exchange membrane fuel cells durability at intermediate temperatures
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemical Engineering, Applied Electrochemistry.ORCID iD: 0000-0003-4770-9554
KTH, School of Engineering Sciences in Chemistry, Biotechnology and Health (CBH), Chemical Engineering, Applied Electrochemistry.ORCID iD: 0000-0001-5755-7967
Materials Science and Engineering Department, University of Connecticut, CT 06269-3136, Storrs, USA.
Department of Physics and Competence Centre for Catalysis, Chalmers University of Technology, SE-412 96 Göteborg, Sweden.
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2025 (English)In: Journal of Power Sources, ISSN 0378-7753, E-ISSN 1873-2755, Vol. 658, article id 238258Article in journal (Refereed) Published
Abstract [en]

To improve the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) suitability for heavy-duty vehicles a higher operating temperature is required. However, a higher operating temperature is often associated with higher degradation rates. In this work we investigate the effects of temperature and load on the degradation of commercial state-of-the-art membrane electrode assemblies (MEAs) operating at intermediate temperatures (IT) between 80 and 120 °C during galvanostatic holds. Thorough electrochemical analysis was made together with transmission electron microscopy and modelling. As expected, a more rapid decrease in performance is observed at an increased operating temperature. The main loss in performance is linked to changes in the membrane and ionomer in the membrane electrode assembly. In particular, the membranes fail due to pinhole formation, resulting in higher hydrogen crossover. It is also seen that the ionomer in the cathode degrades faster at elevated temperatures, and that a lower applied load reduces the rate. Further analysis shows small and similar changes in the electrode thickness and particle sizes for all temperatures. Although an elevated temperature reduces the lifetime of a fuel cell, operation at elevated temperatures for shorter durations can be feasible, but the polymer electrolytes must be designed for higher temperatures.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Elsevier BV , 2025. Vol. 658, article id 238258
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Energy Engineering Other Chemical Engineering
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URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-372894DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2025.238258ISI: 001575358500002Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105020455987OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-372894DiVA, id: diva2:2013795
Note

QC 20251114

Available from: 2025-11-14 Created: 2025-11-14 Last updated: 2025-11-14Bibliographically approved

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Eriksson, BjörnButori, MartinaLagergren, CarinaWreland Lindström, RakelLindbergh, Göran

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