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Fair and Energy-Efficient Activation Control Mechanisms for Repeater-Assisted Massive MIMO
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Communication Systems, CoS.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-4640-7020
TOBB Univ Econ & Technol, Dept Elect Engn, Ankara, Turkiye.
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Communication Systems, CoS.ORCID iD: 0000-0002-5954-434X
KTH, School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science (EECS), Computer Science, Communication Systems, CoS, Radio Systems Laboratory (RS Lab).ORCID iD: 0000-0003-0525-4491
2025 (English)In: 23rd International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks, WiOpt 2025, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2025, p. 453-459Conference paper, Published paper (Refereed)
Abstract [en]

Massive multiple-input multiple-output (mMIMO) has been the core of 5G due to its ability to improve spectral efficiency and spatial multiplexing significantly; however, celledge users still experience performance degradation due to intercell interference and uneven signal distribution. While cell-free mMIMO (cfmMIMO) addresses this issue by providing uniform coverage through distributed antennas, it requires significantly more deployment cost due to the fronthaul and tight synchronization requirements. Alternatively, repeater-assisted massive MIMO (RA-MIMO) has recently been proposed to extend the coverage of cellular mMIMO by densely deploying low-cost single-antenna repeaters capable of amplifying and forwarding signals. In this work, we investigate amplification control for the repeaters for two different goals: (i) providing a fair performance among users, and (ii) reducing the extra energy consumption by the deployed repeaters. We propose a max-min amplification control algorithm using the convex-concave procedure for fairness and a joint sleep mode and amplification control algorithm for energy efficiency, comparing long- and short-term strategies. Numerical results show that RA-MIMO, with maximum amplification, improves signal-to-interference-plus-noise ratio (SINR) by over 20 dB compared to mMIMO and performs within 1 dB of cfmMIMO when deploying the same number of repeaters as access points in cfmMIMO. Additionally, our majority-rule-based long-term sleep mechanism reduces repeater power consumption by 70% while maintaining less than 1% spectral efficiency outage.

Place, publisher, year, edition, pages
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) , 2025. p. 453-459
Series
International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile Ad Hoc and Wireless Networks, ISSN 2690-3334
Keywords [en]
network controlled repeater, repeater-assisted, massive MIMO (RA-MIMO), cell-free massive MIMO, convexconcave, programming, feasible point pursuit.
National Category
Telecommunications
Identifiers
URN: urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-375645DOI: 10.23919/wiopt66569.2025.11123200ISI: 001576480800060Scopus ID: 2-s2.0-105015950676OAI: oai:DiVA.org:kth-375645DiVA, id: diva2:2030220
Conference
23rd International Symposium on Modeling and Optimization in Mobile, Ad Hoc, and Wireless Networks, WiOpt 2025, Linkoping, Sweden, May 26-29, 2025
Note

Part of ISBN 978-3-903176-73-7

QC 20260120

Available from: 2026-01-20 Created: 2026-01-20 Last updated: 2026-02-21Bibliographically approved

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Topal, Ozan AlpBjörnson, EmilCavdar, Cicek

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