The study was performed by the bibliometric group at KTH, within the project Building a structure at KTH of bibliometric capacity for international comparative analysis (BibCap), jointly funded by VINNOVA (Sweden’s innovation agency) and KTH.

In this study we tested the fruitfulness of advanced bibliometric methods for mapping subdomains in philosophy. The development of the number of publications on free will and sorites, the two subdomains treated in the study, over time was studied. We applied the cocitation approach to map the most cited publications, authors and journals, and we mapped frequently occurring terms, using a term co-occurrence approach. Both subdomains show a strong increase of publications in Web of Science. When we decomposed the publications by faculty, we could see an increase of free will publications also in social sciences, medicine and natural sciences. The multidisciplinary character of free will research was reflected in the cocitation analysis and in the term co-occurrence analysis: we found clusters/groups of cocited publications, authors and journals, and of co-occurring terms, representing philosophy as well as non-philosophical fields, such as neuroscience and physics. The corresponding analyses of sorites publications displayed a structure consisting of research themes rather than fields. All in all, both philosophers involved in this study acknowledge the validity of the various networks presented. Bibliometric mapping appears to provide an interesting tool for describing the cognitive orientation of a research field, not only in the natural and life sciences but also in philosophy, which this study shows.

In this contribution, which builds on and develops a study that was published more than 10 years ago, we address the role of the Chinese Key Labs (KLs) in the international and national scientific arena. We give a short overview of the position of KLs in China, including their budget and manpower. Based on large numbers of Chinese publications obtained from the Web of Science (WoS) and the Chinese Science Citation Database (CSCD), the KLs are compared across publication years to the rest of China (ChRest) with respect to publication output and citation impact. We also look at collaboration in terms of co-publishing between the KLs and the ChRest. As to publications in the WoS, we found that the contribution of KLs compared with the ChRest is slightly and irregularly increasing (using full counting as well as fractional counting), whereas a stronger increasing trend is observed for the corresponding contribution in the CSCD. We observed an increase in the number of collaborations between KLs and Chinese colleagues, regardless of database. For WoS and field normalized citation indicators, we obtained the expected results that researchers at KLs perform considerably better than other Chinese colleagues and, moreover, perform clearly better than database average. As such we may conclude that KLs have lived up to their promise and made real impact on the international arena.

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the use of assessment to manage some of the challenges diversity brings into the teaching and learning in international real estate degree programs. Design/methodology/approach: The paper is a multi-year case study of a course in real estate valuation in a Swedish University. The impact of assessment on student experience and performance was analyzed. Findings: Changes in the timing and rules of assessment have an appreciable impact on differences in student performance. However, some diversity problems must be addressed also at the program level. Practical implications: Real estate departments must exercise pedagogical leadership if they are to continue to effectively provide globally relevant education. Originality/value: This paper analyses one of the consequences of the expansion of international real estate education into a non-traditional destination for foreign students.

Purpose: In this contribution, we want to detect the document type profiles of the three prestigious journals Nature, Science, and Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States (PNAS) with regard to two levels: journal and country. Design/methodology/approach: Using relative values based on fractional counting, we investigate the distribution of publications across document types at both the journal and country level, and we use (cosine) document type profile similarity values to compare pairs of publication years within countries. Findings: Nature and Science mainly publish Editorial Material, Article, News Item and Letter, whereas the publications of PNAS are heavily concentrated on Article. The shares of Article for Nature and Science are decreasing slightly from 1999 to 2014, while the corresponding shares of Editorial Material are increasing. Most studied countries focus on Article and Letter in Nature, but on Letter in Science and PNAS. The document type profiles of some of the studied countries change to a relatively large extent over publication years. Research limitations: The main limitation of this research concerns the Web of Science classification of publications into document types. Since the analysis of the paper is based on document types of Web of Science, the classification in question is not free from errors, and the accuracy of the analysis might be affected. Practical implications: Results show that Nature and Science are quite diversified with regard to document types. In bibliometric assessments, where publications in Nature and Science play a role, other document types than Article and Review might therefore be taken into account. Originality/value: Results highlight the importance of other document types than Article and Review in Nature and Science. Large differences are also found when comparing the country document type profiles of the three journals with the corresponding profiles in all Web of Science journals. 

One approach to manage collections is to create data about the things in it. This descriptive data is called metadata, and this term is in this thesis used as a collective noun, i.e no plural form exists. A library is a typical example of an organization that uses metadata, to manage a collection of books. The metadata about a book describes certain attributes of it, for example who the author is. Metadata also provides possibilities for a person to judge if a book is interesting without having to deal with the book itself. The metadata of the things in a collection is a representation of the collection that is easier to deal with than the collection itself. Nowadays metadata is often managed in computer-based systems that enable search possibilities and sorting of search results according to different principles. Metadata can be created both by computers and humans. This thesis will deal with certain aspects of the human activity of creating metadata and includes an explorative study of this activity. The increased amount of public information that is produced is also required to be easily accessible and therefore the situation when metadata is a part of the Semantic Web has been considered an important part of this thesis. This situation is also referred to as the Web of Data or Linked Data.

With the Web of Data, metadata records living in isolation from each other can now be linked together over the web. This will probably change what kind of metadata that is being created, but also how it is being created. This thesis describes the construction and use of a framework called Annotation Profiles, a set of artifacts developed to enable an adaptable metadata creation environment with respect to what metadata that can be created. The main artifact is the Annotation Profile Model (APM), a model that holds enough information for a software application to generate a customized metadata editor from it. An instance of this model is called an annotation profile, that can be seen as a configuration for metadata editors. Changes to what metadata can be edited in a metadata editor can be done without modifying the code of the application. Two code libraries that implement the APM have been developed and have been evaluated both internally within the research group where they were developed, but also externally via interviews with software developers that have used one of the code-libraries. Another artifact presented is a protocol for how RDF metadata can be remotely updated when metadata is edited through a metadata editor. It is also described how the APM opens up possibilities for end user development and this is one of the avenues of pursuit in future research related to the APM.

This paper presents an explorative study of the human activity of creating metadata, done with the purpose of exploring the practices of this activity and how those can potentially impact the utility of the metadata as it is exposed on a level that enables semantic collaboration, like the Semantic Web. Previous research around human metadata creation seems to indicate that how the activity is carried out has a common core, but is unique in each situation on how it can be improved. The data for this study was gathered through interviews and analyzed using activity theory. The analysis of the data gathered through the interviews indicate that the main objective of the activity is to enable discovery within a collection. Metadata is however created with a community of users in mind, which is sometimes reflected in metadata creation guidelines. These guidelines can in turn impact the discoverability across these communities as metadata is exposed on the Semantic Web.

Many organization, like libraries, museums, archives, etc. are dependent on metadata about their resources as a representation of their collection. This paper will present an approach aimed at reducing the need for a developer when constructing the metadata editing tool required for such systems, where the long term goal is to enable end-user development (EUD) for the metadata creators. The approach is still under development, but right now it includes a model and a code-library called RDForms that was designed for developers to quickly set up a form based metadata editor, where the metadata that can be edited is changed through a configuration mechanism. An evaluation on the use of RDForms in the wild is presented that seems to indicate that the developers are the ones also configuring the metadata editor. If the configuration instead could be made by the metadata creators the need for a developer would be even further reduced.

During 2011, a policy for scholarly publishing was implemented at KTH.1 The policy states that researchers at KTH should strive to publish open access, either through well-reputed open accessjournals or by self-archiving in KTH publication database DiVA. Publications published by KTH – i.e dissertations, bachelor and master theses, reports – are to be self-archived in DiVA as a general rule. In this report, shares and trends of open access publishing at KTH are analysed starting from the same year the policy was implemented, in 2011. A report that analyses open access at KTH will then be released annually.

During 2011, a policy for scholarly publishing was implemented at KTH.1 The policy states that researchers at KTH should strive to publish open access, either through well-reputed open accessjournals or by self-archiving in KTH publication database DiVA. Publications published by KTH – i.e dissertations, bachelor and master theses, reports – are to be self-archived in DiVA as a general rule. In this report, shares and trends of open access publishing at KTH are analysed starting from the same year the policy was implemented, in 2011. A report that analyses open access at KTH will then be released annually

Syftet med projektet har varit att undersöka hur stor del av den svenska forskningen som har publicerats open access under publiceringsåret 2011. Vi har studerat den totala andelen open access-publikationer, både så kallad guld och grön open access, dels nationellt och dels per lärosäte. Vi har också velat undersöka hur stor andel av artiklarna i vårt underlag som skulle kunna parallellpubliceras enligt SHERPA/RoMEO, men där så inte skett. Ett vidare syfte har även varit att ta fram metodik för att skapa förutsättningar för framtida mätningar av svensk OA-publicering.

Under 2013 genomfördes en studie över andelen open access (OA) i Sverige. Projektet finansierades av Kungliga bibliotekets program Openaccess.se. I undersökningen, som använde SwePub som index, studerades hur stor del av svenska forskningsartiklar med publiceringsår 2011 som är OA. Analysen gäller dels andelen guld och grön OA, men också hur stor del av de publicerade artiklarna som skulle kunna parallellpubliceras enligt förlagens villkor. Analysen visar att andelen OA-artiklar som publicerades under år 2011 uppgick till cirka 17 procent, varav guld OA 10 procent och grön OA 10 procent. Detta indikerar ett överlapp av artiklar som är både guld och grön OA på cirka 3 procent. Räknar man även in så kallat fördröjd OA så uppgår den totala mängden OA-artiklar år 2011 till uppemot 25 procent. Resultatet visar vidare att ytterligare en stor mängd artiklar skulle kunna parallellpubliceras enligt informationen i Sherpa/RoMEO.

Within the ROLE European research project, an interoperability framework has been developed to support self-regulated learning and to enable learners and teachers to create personal learning environments (PLEs). This framework enables learners to assemble tools, services and resources together to create their own custom learning environment. This chapter discusses the overall architecture, the specific components of this architecture and the platforms in which we have integrated the ROLE framework. Additionally, we share the lessons learned from the design and development. Furthermore, we discuss our experience with the ROLE development infrastructure and our collaboration within the ROLE development team and with several open-source projects.

Recent and upcoming devices such as tablets and wearables in combination with technologies such as the Internet of Things are resulting in learning environments becoming of an increasingly ubiquitous nature. Learning environments are now more strongly embedded in real-world learning and work activities, causing the boundaries between virtual learning environments and their real-world contexts of use, and between learning and work activities themselves, to be increasingly blurred. A reconceptualization of learning environments as performance augmentation means that the function of enhancement or augmentation is made explicit. Theoretical, modeling, and implementation aspects of performance augmentation through ubiquitous and adaptive learning and work environments are explored.

I januari 2015 fick enheten för Publiceringens infrastruktur vid Kungliga Tekniska högskolans bibliotek (KTHB) i uppdrag av KTH:s ledningsgrupp att genomföra en informationskampanj om Open Access (OA) med målet att öka KTH:s andel OA-publikationer, i synnerhet gröna/parallellpublicerade OA-publikationer. Under kampanjen besökte KTHB:s OA-ansvariga skolor och institutioner på KTH för att informera om OA och vilka verktyg som finns för att underlätta publicering, samt för att ta emot forskarnas synpunkter på OA-publicering. Sammanlagt blev det 23 besök med flera intressanta diskussioner om OA. De flesta forskarna var positiva till OA, men flera saknade kännedom om vilka praktiska möjligheter som finns för att genomföra det.

Uppsökande verksamhet i form av en informationskampanj är ett sätt att öka forskarnas medvetenhet om OA-publicering och det stöd biblioteket kan ge. Vid vårt bord berättar vi mer om våra erfarenheter från informationskampanjen samt diskuterar:

- Hur forskningsbiblioteken kan ta tillvara forskares synpunkter på och erfarenheter av OA-publicering.

- Hur forskningsbiblioteken kan använda dessa lärdomar för att utveckla sitt forskarstöd.

During 2011, a policy for scholarly publishing was implemented at KTH.1 The policy states that researchers at KTH should strive to publish open access, either through well-reputed open accessjournals or by self-archiving in KTH publication database DiVA. Publications published by KTH – i.e. dissertations, bachelor and master theses, reports – are to be self-archived in DiVA as a general rule. In this report, shares and trends of open access publishing at KTH are analysed starting from the same year the policy was implemented, in 2011. A report that analyses open access at KTH will be released annually.

Universitets- och högskolebiblioteken har i allt större utsträckning fått en viktig roll att spela i spridandet av det egna lärosätets forskning. Detta ger utrymme för samarbete mellan bibliotek och forskare: biblioteket behöver kunskap om de faktorer som styr hur forskarna väljer att sprida sina resultat, för att i sin tur kunna ge forskarna stöd i valet av publiceringskanaler och publiceringsstrategier. I detta paper undersöker vi attityder och strategier hos fyra forskare med anknytning till Kungliga Tekniska högskolans bibliotek, samt föreslår möjliga vägar till samverkan mellan bibliotek och forskare.

To assure a quality learning process in Higher Education, continuous training of teachers is a priority. This paper is a case study about the training of trainers organized in the WETEN project, presenting how the topics were chosen, how the educational technologies and facilitation contributed to the building of learning community.

The aim of this guide is to give you as a KTH researcher more insight on how bibliometric measures are increasingly being used to assess your research and to present some methods to make your research publications more visible and influential. The ultimate goal is to increase the impact of KTH research publications to gain best possible results in bibliometric studies and international university rankings.

A summary of the tips and considerations mentioned in the guide:

Check the outreach of your publishing channel. The channels with the most prominent outreach and impact on bibliometric studies are international journals covered by the indexing service Thomson Reuters Web of Science.

Check the impact of your journal. If you are publishing in a journal, the Thomson Reuters Journal Impact Factor gives an indication of the average number of citations to articles in the journal.

Publish in English. I you primarily publish your findings in Swedish journals or as reports, consider re-publishing your results in an international peer-reviewed journal for increased visibility and impact.

Plan your research and publishing for cooperation. Co-authored publications have been shown to get more citations, thus usually ranking higher in bibliometric evaluations.

Use a unique and consistent author name. Try to use an author name that is as consistent and unique as possible or register a unique author ID with the database vendors.

Write your organisational affiliation in a way that is easy to identify by an international audience. The proper way to affiliate KTH is by starting the address with the KTH formal name "KTH Royal Institute of Technology", followed by the name of the school, department, research centre or group.

Register your publication in the KTH publication database DiVA. Publication records from DiVA are used to calculate publishing indicators, both for the yearly KTH school performance indicators and for the KTH yearly allocation of funding to schools. Registration in DiVA is especially important for publications not covered by the Web of Science or Scopus databases, such as monographs, reports and conference proceedings papers.

Publish your article Open Access if possible. Studies show that articles published for free access on the Internet gain more downloads and more citations. If your article is published in a traditional toll-based journal, you should try to do parallel publishing in the KTH publication database DiVA.

Contact the Department of Publication Infrastructure for support and more information. The Library will give you advice in matters regarding publication outreach and impact, DiVA registration, Open Access and bibliometrics.

The study represents an analysis of a group of institutes included in RISE (Research Institutes of Sweden) representing a wide range of activities from research in forestry, ICT, and also areas such as surface chemistry. The aim was to examine publication patterns over time and also analyze international collaboration in the broader context of technical-industrial institutes in Nordic countries.

A bibliometric analysis was conducted by searching Web of Science for publications containing the addresses of RISE institutes published 2002-2011. A publication count was done for the individual institutes, for an aggregated level dividing the institutes into four groups (Swedish ICT, SP, SWEREA, Innventia/STFI), and as total counts for the whole RISE group. To analyze the collaboration network of the RISE group, frequencies of organizations and countries in the publication set were calculated and co-occurrence visualizations conducted.

The preliminary results show an increasing publication frequency at the aggregated level. Also the international collaboration, measured by the share of internationally co-authored publications, has been augmenting, from about 31 percent in 2002 to about 43 percent in 2011. Nevertheless, in Sweden, universities are still the most common collaborators and the network analysis shows that there are extensive knowledge networks between local research partners.

The main purpose of this project has been to examine the accessibility of refereed conference articles and the OA- and publishing policies of conferences in order to in this way elucidate different aspects concerning self-archiving in Swedish institutional repositories. For this purpose, the project participants have examined a number of conferences and references to conference articles via their institutional repositories during a specific time period and described these from the perspective of a common scheme. The study has showed that the local institutional repositories fill an important role to make conference publications visible. We have found that ca. 50% of the conference papers can be published as postprints in our institutional repositories. We have noticed that ca. 15% or the studied conference articles are not available at all. It is, therefore, of great importance to use local institutional repositories as a publishing channel, not only for primary published material such as dissertations and reports, but also as a source for finding these conference articles "without a home". Between 20-25% of the examined articles were found in some type of OA archive; ca. half of these were found in one of the project participants' own institutional repositories. This indicates that the publishing database of respective higher education institution is an important factor for open accessibility. Ca. 10% of the conferences in the study had an explicit OA policy or expressed such a policy by openly making conference articles accessible on their conference sites. A big problem when it comes to self-archiving of conference articles is the lack of information about OA policy. The landscape of conference publishing is complex and the self-archiving of documents from conferences is very time-consuming. Above all, we would wish a policy resource for conferences similar to the SHERPA/RoMEO. At present, however, there is no other alternative than scrutinizing the conferences' copyright information to the authors and from this attempt to draw conclusions about possible self-archiving. To facilitate the future handling and classification of conference articles in Swedish institutional repositories a number of recommendations are suggested.

Open peer review has been proposed for a number of reasons, in particular, for increasing the transparency of the article selection process for a journal, and for obtaining a broader basis for feedback to the authors and for the acceptance decision. The review discussion may also in itself have a value for the research community. These goals rely on the existence of a lively review discussion, but several experiments with open-process peer review in recent years have encountered the problem of faltering review discussions. The present article addresses the question of how lively review discussion may be fostered by relating the experience of the journal Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence (ETAI) which was an early experiment with open peer review. Factors influencing the discussion activity are identified. It is observed that it is more difficult to obtain lively discussion when the number of contributed articles increases, which implies difficulties for scaling up the open peer review model. Suggestions are made for how this difficulty may be overcome.

This article introduces and uses a representation of defeasible inheritance networks where links in the network are viewed as propositions, and where defeasible links are tagged with a quantitative indication of the proportion of exceptions, called the doubt index. This doubt index is used for restricting the length of the chains of inference. The representation also introduces the use of defeater literals that disable the chaining of subsumption links. The use of defeater literals replaces the use of negative defeasible inheritance links, expressing "most A are not B". The new representation improves the expressivity significantly. Inference in inheritance networks is defined by a combination of axioms that constrain the contents of network extensions, a heuristic restriction that also has that effect, and a nonmonotonic operation of minimizing the set of defeater literals while retaining consistency. We introduce an underlying semantics that defines the meaning of literals in a network, and prove that the axioms are sound with respect to this semantics. We also discuss the conditions for obtaining completeness. Traditional concepts, assumptions and issues in research on nonmonotonic or defeasible inheritance are reviewed in the perspective of this approach.

We describe the two-stage peer review model that, was used by the Electronic Transact ions on Artificial Intelligence (ETAI) from 1997 to 2001. In the first review stage, which in principle lasted for three months, submitted articles were openly discussed using a web-based forum and communication by email. This provided feedback to the authors for revising the article. In the second review stage, anonymous reviewers judged the revised submission on a pass-fail basis. We discuss the initial reactions to this model, the experience from using it, and the ramifications of (his model for the concept of publication and for priority of results.

Open peer review has been proposed for a number of reasons, in particular, for increasing the transparency of the article selection process for a journal, and for obtaining a broader basis for feedback to the authors and for the acceptance decision. The review discussion may also in itself have a value for the research community. These goals rely on the existence of a lively review discussion, but several experiments with open-process peer review in recent years have encountered the problem of faltering review discussions. The present article addresses the question of how lively review discussion may be fostered by relating the experience of the journal Electronic Transactions on Artificial Intelligence (ETAI) which was an early experiment with open peer review. Factors influencing the discussion activity are identified. It is observed that it is more difficult to obtain lively discussion when the number of contributed articles increases, which implies difficulties for scaling up the open peer review model. Suggestions are made for how this difficulty may be overcome.

The purpose of the research reported here was to explore an alternative way of organizing the general software structure in computers, eliminating the traditional distinctions between operating system, programming language, database system, and several other kinds of software. We observed that there is a lot of costly duplication of concepts and of facilities in the conventional architecture, and believe that most of that duplication can be eliminated if the software is organized differently. This article describes Leordo, an experimental software system that has been built in order to explore an alternative design and to try to verify the hypothesis that a much more compact design is possible and that concept duplication can be eliminated or at least greatly reduced. Definite conclusions in those respects can not yet be made, but the indications are positive and the design that has been Introduction, Project goal and design goals, Leordo is a software project and an experimental software system that integrates capabilities that are usually found in several different software systems: in the operating system, in the programming language and programming environment, in an intelligent agent system, in a text formatting system, and others more. I believe that it should be possible to make a much more concise, efficient, and user-friendly design of the total software system in the conventional (PC-type) computer by integrating capabilities and organizing them in a new way.

In this work, we build on and use the outcome of an earlier study on topic identification in an algorithmically constructed publication-level classification (ACPLC), and address the issue of how to algorithmically obtain a classification of topics (containing articles), where the classes of the classification correspond to specialties. The methodology we propose, which is similar to that used in the earlier study, uses journals and their articles to construct a baseline classification. The underlying assumption of our approach is that journals of a particular size and focus have a scope that corresponds to specialties. By measuring the similarity between (1) the baseline classification and (2) multiple classifications obtained by topic clustering and using different values of a resolution parameter, we have identified a best performing ACPLC. In two case studies, we could identify the subject foci of the specialties involved, and the subject foci of specialties were relatively easy to distinguish. Further, the class size variation regarding the best performing ACPLC is moderate, and only a small proportion of the articles belong to very small classes. For these reasons, we conclude that the proposed methodology is suitable for determining the specialty granularity level of an ACPLC.

KTH jämförs här med 20 andra universitet i syfte att identifiera KTH:s styrkor och svagheter ur ett bibliometriskt perspektiv och därmed bättre förstå KTH:s placering på internationella rankinglistor. Ämnesurvalet är begränsat till teknikämnen, fysik, matematik och kemi. Bland KTH:s starka sidor kan nämnas att KTH har en hög andel av publikationerna baserade på internationellt samarbete och att KTH:s publikationer baserade på stora samarbetsnärverk citeras mycket väl. För publikationer med mer än 100 författare har KTH det fjärde högsta citeringsmedelvärdet bland de 21 jämförda universiteten. Denna grupp publikationer domineras nästan totalt (till 98 %) av fysik. För fysikpublikationerna totalt återfinns dock KTH strax under mitten av de jämförda universiteten (på position 14 av 21 jämförda). Detta mönster, ett medelmåttigt citeringsgenomslag på publikationer där antalet författare inte är extremt stort (mindre än 100 författare) och än mer så när alla författare dessutom är svenska kan utpekas som en av KTH:s svagheter. Medelciteringen av nationella publikationer det vill säga sådana där alla författaradresserna är svenska, har KTH det fjärde sämsta värdet. Flera av de mest framgångrika universiteten (bland annat DTU) karaktäriseras av att publikationer med få författare utan internationell författarskara citeras i stort sett lika högt som internationella samarbeten. De ämnen där KTH uppvisar den lägsta medelciteringen är nationella publikationerna i Computer Science, matematik och materialvetenskap (baserad på fraktionerad summering). Två av dessa ämnen är dock små (Computer Science och matematik) och de har ingen stor effekt på citeringsmedelvärdet för alla KTH:s publikationer. Ett resultat av den stora skillnaden i citeringsgenomslag mellan stora samarbeten och publikationer med några få författare gör att KTH påverkas relativt mycket av om statistiken fraktionaliseras (delas upp mellan alla författaraddresser som anges på en publikation). För samtliga citeringsvärden som presenteras här sjunker KTH:s rankposition bland de jämförda universiteten två till fyra positioner när viktat statistik används jämfört med ej viktat (så kallade ”full counts”). Ämnesmässigt är fysik och kemi KTH:s starkaste ämnen (fysik ligger högt enbart om statistiken baseras på ej viktat summering). Även inom dessa ämnen återfinns KTH i mitten bland de jämförda universiteten med rankposition sju till 19 beroende på ämne och summeringsmetod. Jämfört med de andra universiteten i studien har KTH en viss ämnesmässig specialisering mot materialvetenskap, men citeringsmässigt har nästan alla andra universitet högre citeringsvärden inom detta område: KTH rankposition är 18 eller 20 beroende på summeringsmetod. Skillnaderna mellan KTH och till exempel DTU, ETH och EPFL är inte unika för just dessa universitet. Samma mönster återfinns om Sveriges alla publikationer jämförs med de från Danmark eller Schweiz. Det går alltså inte enkelt att peka ut något enstaka ämne eller annan grupp som ”förklaring” till varför KTH inte kommer bättre ut ur jämförelsen. Men bidragande orsaker är ett relativt lågt citeringsgenomslag för nationellt producerade publikationer eller publikationer med få författare oberoende av ämne. KTH har också relativt få högciterade publikationer (bland topp 10 % eller topp 1 %) framförallt när viktad summering används. För att komma i närheten av de allra främsta universiteten, som till exempel DTU, måste KTH:s citeringsgenomslag förbättras markant på alla fronter. Vi redovisar ingen statistik över förändringar över tiden i denna rapport men andra studier har nyligen visat på en vikande trend för Sverige framförallt inom ingenjörsvetenskaperna.

In this study, three chemistry research themes closely associated with the Nobel Prize are bibliometrically analyzed—Ribozyme, Ozone and Fullerene—as well as a research theme in chemistry not associated with the Nobel Prize (a Nobel snub theme): Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation. We analyze, based on an algorithmically constructed publication-level classification system, the evolution of the four themes with respect to publication volume and international collaboration, using two datasets, one of them a subset of highly cited publications, for each considered time period. The focus of the study is on international collaboration, where co-occurrence of country names in publications is used as a proxy for international collaboration. For all four themes, especially for Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation, the publication volumes increase considerably from the earliest period to the later periods. The international collaboration rate shows an increasing trend for each theme. For Ozone, Fullerene and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation, the international collaboration rate tend to be higher for the highly cited publications compared to full datasets. With regard to the evolution of number of countries per international publication and per highly cited international publication, a vast majority of the distributions are positively skewed, with a large share of publications with two countries. With respect to the last four periods of the study, the concentration to two countries per publication is more pronounced for the Brunauer–Emmett–Teller equation theme compared to the three Nobel Prize themes. 

Formal learning in higher education creates its own challenges for didactics, teaching, technology, and organization. The growing need for well-educated employees requires new ideas and tools in education. Within the ROLE project, three personal learning environments based on ROLE technology were used to accompany “traditional” teaching and learning activities at universities. The test beds at the RWTH Aachen University in Germany, the School of Continuing Education of Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China, and the Uppsala University in Sweden differ in learning culture, the number of students and their individual background, synchronous versus distant learning, etc. The big range of test beds underlines the flexibility of ROLE technology. For each test bed, the learning scenario is presented and analyzed as well as the particular ROLE learning environment. The evaluation methods are described and the research results discussed in detail. The learned lessons provide an easy way to benefit from the ROLE research work which demonstrates the potential for new ideas based on flexible e-learning concepts and tools in “traditional” education.

Several approaches exist related to categorizing academic journals/institutions/countries into different levels. Most existing grading methods use either a weighted sum of quantitative indicators (including the case of one properly defined quantitative indicator) or quantified peer review results. An important issue of concern for science and technology management is the efficiency of resource utilization. In this paper we deal with this issue and use multi-level frontiers of data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to grade countries/territories. Research funding and numbers of researchers as used as inputs, while papers and citations are output variables. The research results show that using DEA frontiers we can grade countries/territories on six levels. These levels reflect the corresponding countries' level of efficiency in S&T resource utilization. Furthermore, we use papers and citations as single outputs (with research funding and researchers as inputs) to show changes in country/territory level.

Several investigations to and approaches for categorizing academic journals/institutions/countries into different grades have been published in the past. To the best of our knowledge, most existing grading methods use either a weighted sum of quantitative indicators (including the case of one properly defined quantitative indicator) or quantified peer review results. Performance measurement is an important issue of concern for science and technology (S&T) management. In this paper we address this issue, leading to multi-level frontiers resulting from data envelopment analysis (DEA) models to grade selected countries/territories. We use research funding and researchers as input indicators, and take papers, citations and patents as output indicators. Our research results show that using DEA frontiers we can unite countries/territories by different grades. These grades reflect the corresponding countries' levels of performance with respect to multiple inputs and outputs. Furthermore, we use papers, citations and patents as single output (with research funding and researchers as inputs), respectively, to show country/territory grade changes. In order to increase the insight in this approach, we also incorporate a simple value judgment (that the number of citations is more important than the number of papers) as prior information into the DEA models to study the resulting changes of these Countries/Territories' performance grades.