In this large-scale contribution, we deal with the relationship between properties of cited references of Web of Science articles and the field normalized citation rate of these articles. Using nearly 1 million articles, and three classification systems with different levels of granularity, we study the effects of number of cited references, share of references covered by Web of Science, mean age of references and mean citation rate of references on field normalized citation rate. To expose the relationship between the predictor variables and the response variable, we use quantile regression. We found that a higher number of references, a higher share of references to publications within Web of Science and references to more recent publications correlate with citation impact. A correlation was observed even when normalization was done with a finely grained classification system. The predictor variables affected citation impact to a larger extent at higher quantile levels. Regarding the relative importance of the predictor variables, citation impact of the cited references was in general the least important variable. Number of cited references carried most of the importance for both low and medium quantile levels, but this importance was lessened at the highest considered level.

In this bibliometric study, we analyze the six battery research subfields identified in the BATTERY 2030+ roadmap: Battery Interface Genome, Materials Acceleration Platform, Recyclability, Smart functionalities: Self-healing, Smart functionalities: Sensing, and Manufacturability. In addition, we analyze the entire research field related to BATTERY 2030+ as a whole, using two operationalizations. We (a) evaluate the European standing in the subfields/the BATTERY 2030+ field in comparison to the rest of the world, and (b) identify strongholds of the subfields/the BATTERY 2030+ field across Europe. For each subfield and the field as a whole, we used seed articles, i.e. articles listed in the BATTERY 2030+ roadmap or cited by such articles, in order to generate additional, similar articles located in an algorithmically obtained classification system. The output of the analysis is publication volumes, field normalized citation impact values with comparisons between country/country aggregates and between organizations, co-publishing networks between countries and organizations, and keyword co-occurrence networks. For the results related to (a), the performance of EU & associated (countries) is similar to China and the aggregate Japan-South Korea-Singapore and well below North America regarding citation impact and with respect to the field as a whole. Exceptions are, however, the subfields Battery Interface Genome and Recyclability. For the results related to (b), there is a large variability in the EU & associated organizations regarding volume in the different subfields. For citation impact, examples of high-performing EU & associated organizations are ETH Zurich and Max Planck Society for the Advancement of Science.

In this bibliometric study, we analyze two of the six battery research subfields identified in the BATTERY 2030+ roadmap: Materials Acceleration Platform and Smart functionalities: Sensing. In addition, we analyze the entire research field related to BATTERY 2030+ as a whole. We (a) evaluate the European standing in the two subfields/the BATTERY 2030+ field in comparison to the rest of the world, and (b) identify strongholds of the two subfields/the BATTERY 2030+ field across Europe. For each subfield and the field as a whole, we used seed articles, i. e. articles listed in the BATTERY 2030+ roadmap or cited by such articles, in order to generate additional, similar articles located in an algorithmically obtained classification system. The output of the analysis is publication volumes, field normalized citation impact values with comparisons between country/country aggregates and between organizations, co-publishing networks between countries and organizations, and keyword co-occurrence networks.

KTH Biblioteket avser att i denna rapport sammanfatta status för KTH gällande frågor och förutsättningar inom området öppen vetenskap. Rapporten utgår från SUHF:s nationella färdplan för öppen vetenskap med tillhörande vägledning och är skriven för att ge en bredare kontext till området.

Många frågor om öppen vetenskap har hittills inte varit prioriterade på KTH och många av SUHF:s rekommendationer är därför ännu inte implementerade. Vi hoppas att rapporten ska bidra till att KTH i högre grad sätter frågor om öppen vetenskap på agendan och att vi utvecklar ett mer strategiskt arbete kring dessa frågor.

Förutsättningarna för öppen vetenskap i teknikvetenskaplig forskning skiljer sig i vissa avseenden från andra forskningsområden. Därför är det viktigt att KTH som Sveriges ledande tekniska universitet är aktivt i den nationella och internationella diskussionen kring dessa frågor, så att KTH:s och den tekniska forskningens perspektiv tillvaratas samt att KTH är med och bidrar till hur öppen vetenskap formas framöver.

In 2011, KTH Royal Institute of Technology adopted a policy on scientific publishing geared towards creating full accessibility of research output. The main objective of this report is to assess the long-term effects of this policy. To that end, we collected and analysed publishing data at KTH, along with related expenditures. More specifically, we track changes in counts and shares in open access publishing over the past decade, as well as describe trends at multiple levels of analysis, ranging from conference proceedings to journal article publishing at KTH and its affiliated schools. Additionally, we provide insight into both the past and present state of open access publishing, and briefly discuss the future of open access publishing at KTH. This report is aimed towards all interested in publishing practices at KTH. Throughout this report, we use concepts and definitions derived from prior year documentation and analysis of open access publishing at KTH.

In this paper, we compare two sophisticated publication-level approaches to ex-post citation normalization: an item-oriented approach and an approach falling under the general algorithmically constructed classification system approach. Using articles published in core journals in Web of Science (SCIE, SSCI & A&HCI) during 2009 (n=955,639), we first examine, using the measure Proportion explained variation (PEV), to what extent the publication-level approaches can explain and correct for variation in the citation distribution that stems from subject matter heterogeneity. We then, for the subset of articles from life science and biomedicine (n=456,045), gauge the fairness of the normalization approaches with respect to their ability to identify highly cited articles when subject area is factored out. This is done by utilizing information from publication-level MeSH classifications to create high quality subject matter baselines and by using the measure Deviations from expectations (DE). The results show that the item-oriented approach had the best performance regarding PEV. For DE, only the most fine-grained clustering solution could compete with the item-oriented approach. However, the item-oriented approach performed better when cited references were heavily weighted in the similarity calculations.

This paper analyzes, using Web of Science publications and two time periods (2004-2006 and 2014-2016), the disciplinary structures in the three prestigious journals Nature, Science and PNAS, compared with two baselines: Non-NSP_Multi (multidisciplinary publications that have other source journals than Nature, Science and PNAS), and Non-Multi (publications assigned to other categories than Multidisciplinary). We analyze the profiles at two levels, journal and country. The results for the journal level show that for Nature and Science, the publications are considerably less concentrated to certain disciplines compared to PNAS. Biology is the dominant discipline for all the three journals. Nature and Science have similar publication shares in Medicine, Geosciences, Physics, Space science, and Chemistry. The publications of PNAS are highly concentrated to two disciplines: Biology and Medicine. Compared with Non-NSP_Multi and Non-Multi, the shares of Biology in NSP journals are higher, whereas the share of Medicine is lower. At the country level, 14 countries are included, among them the five BRICS countries. With respect to the NSP journals, the emphasis disciplines (in terms of world share of publications) of most countries other than USA are the disciplines in which USA has its weakest performance. The disciplinary structures of USA and of most of the other studied countries therefore tend to be different. Regarding Non-NSP_Multi and Non-Multi, the shapes of the disciplinary structures of the 14 countries can be roughly grouped into three groups, while there are more types of shapes for the countries in the NSP journals. For all five units of analysis, the discipline structures of most countries generally change only slightly between different time periods. The structures of some BRICS countries, however, change to a relatively large extent.

Understanding the nature and value of scientific collaboration is essential for sound management and proactive research policies. One component of collaboration is the composition and diversity of contributing authors. This study explores how ethnic diversity in scientific collaboration affects scientific impact, by presenting a conceptual model to connect ethnic diversity, based on author names, with scientific impact, assuming novelty and audience diversity as mediators. The model also controls for affiliated country diversity and affiliated country size. Using path modeling, we apply the model to the Web of Science subject categories Nanoscience & Nanotechnology, Ecology and Information Science & Library. For all three subject categories, and regardless of if control variables are considered or not, we find a weak positive relationship between ethnic diversity and scientific impact. The relationship is weaker, however, when control variables are included. For all three fields, the mediated effect through audience diversity is substantially stronger than the mediated effect through novelty in the relationship, and the former effect is much stronger than the direct effect between the ethnic diversity and scientific impact. Our findings further suggest that ethnic diversity is more associated with short-term scientific impact compared to long-term scientific impact.

Open Access publishing (OA) has been promoted by public institutions and research communities in many countries for some years now. Various categories encompassing different types and practices of OA are precisely described in definitions that now seem to be well-established. OA status is now available as part of a publication's metadata in all major publication databases, while some data sources such as Unpaywall are specifically dedicated to this type of information.

At KTH, we monitor and document the effects of this shifting landscape and of policies promoting OA by means of an annual OA report focused on scientific publications by our researchers. This allows us to observe potential effects of KTH policy changes and to identify areas that the KTH management or the KTH library could support or strengthen. To this end, we collect the OA status (open, closed) and OA type (gold, diamond, hybrid, green) from Unpaywall for several publication types (journal articles, conference proceedings, theses, book chapters) and aggregate these data both for KTH as a whole and for each of its five schools. We also identify the journals in which KTH researchers publish the most and calculate the OA proportion of KTH publications in these. Finally, we take a look at the evolution of publishing-related costs for KTH and KTH schools and relate them to changes in the university's publishing policy.

Results show that the OA share of KTH peer-reviewed publications has been globally increasing since 2011, strongly so for theses and journal articles. This is mainly due to the increase of gold and hybrid OA, despite the fact that journals where KTH authors publish the most are still mainly subscription-based. The increase in OA share is less pronounced for conference proceedings but nonetheless steady. A diversity of publishing practices in different research areas is revealed by the different OA publishing patterns at the different KTH schools. An overall increase in Article Processing Charges (APC) can be observed, related to both the increase of the number of hybrid and gold OA publications and to the implementation of new transformative agreements with several publishers.

We discuss the consequences of the current university policy and compare it to alternative policies supporting OA while limiting the increase of publishing costs. We also reflect upon the extent to which researchers can be guided towards better OA practices and the role a university library may play in the process. Considering the questions of sustainability in a foreseeable future and of equity in the scientific publishing landscape paramount, we strongly value input from various actors within open science communities in order to build a sound reference framework for OA-supporting policies.

In this report, shares and trends of open access publishing at KTH are analysed starting from 2011, the year when a policy for scientific publishing at KTH was implemented.1 The report is for anyone interested in how open access publishing at KTH has developed over the years. It can also be used as a basis for planning on how to proceed with the work on open access at KTH.

A guidance document for the identification of endocrine disruptors (EDs) in the regulatory assessment of plant protection products (PPP) and biocidal products (BP) has been published by the European Chemical Agency (ECHA) and the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). The ECHA/EFSA guidance, mainly addressing EATS (estrogen, androgen, thyroid, steroidogenesis) modalities, is intended to guide applicants and assessors of the competent regulatory authorities on the implementation of the scientific criteria for the determination of ED properties pursuant to the recently implemented PPP (EU 2018/605) and BP (EU 2017/2100 ) EU Regulations. In this study, a search filter for targeted literature search in context of assessing if a substance can be identified as an ED relevant for human health was developed and validated. Development of the search filter was based on the search strategy presented in the ECHA/EFSA guidance and using the estrogenic chemical Bisphenol AF (BPAF) as a model substance. Information specialists from two independent institutions developed refined search filters based on the suggested original search strategy published (ECHA/EFSA guidance - Appendix F). Articles identified by a systematic literature search for BPAF were screened for relevance with inclusion and exclusion criteria by two independent reviewers obtaining positive (relevant) and negative (irrelevant) controls. The developed search filter was quantitatively evaluated in terms of sensitivity, specificity and precision based on the positive and negative controls. The developed filter was then validated for T modality by its application to the known thyroid-disruptor perchlorate. The result is a sensitive search filter with sufficient specificity, which can be applied for all chemicals where a targeted literature search is needed to assess and identify ED properties of chemicals with relevance for humans. Future application of the filter to a broader range of chemicals may identify further points of improvement.

Background and purpose

We assume that, in a possible “post-Covid-19”-scenario, the distance-based teaching at KTH will still be a vital influence onKTH-students' learning experiences and future working lives. This assumption is corroborated by the newly implementedKTH policy on digitalisation, which indicates a higher degree of digital learning activities [1]. By digital literacy we mean the general ability to work productively with digital and technical tools, in particular in blended ordistance-based learning activities. We here use the framework of JISC [2] to define six different elements of digitalcapabilities, whose content can be summarized as: Functional skills, critical use, creative production, participation,development, and self-actualizing. Viewing this framework, we conclude that digital literacy ispart of the general academic skills that students of today need to possess. And as digital literacy is a general academic skill, it is natural to view the library as a promoter of digital literacy. This is in linewith the library already being a learning space for different media literacies [3]. A recent example of this is the “datacarpentry”-activities produced by the KTH Library with collaborators [4]. Hence, our purpose is to investigate how the KTH Library can be both a virtual arena and a physical learning space for digitalliteracy.

Finished work/ongoing work

We made a survey in order to see if, and how, digital literacy is strengthened by learning activities at KTH today. In thesurvey, we frame the questions according to the six JISC-elements. The survey was divided into three parts: a. A directed survey, with follow-up interviews, to KTH Program Directors as well as key administrators of KTH educationalprograms. b. A general survey to students, with emphasis on students in later years of study. c. A directed survey to PhD-candidates, who have participated in KTH Library learning activities recently. From the results of the survey in c. above, we have developed a few workshops on digital literacy, in particular on differentaspects of research data management. The ideas for them also come from needs and requests made by students and teachersin earlier contacts with the KTH Library staff and learning activities. Subjects of these workshops are reflecting the sixelements of the JISC-framework.

Results/observations/lessons learned

The preliminary results of our survey indicate that aspects of digital literacy are covered to some extent by learning activitiestoday, but that the coverage is far from complete at KTH. In our future work, we will explore additional results from thesurvey.

Take-home message

We have mapped how digital literacy is facilitated at KTH today via a survey. We have developed a series of workshopson different aspects of digital literacy for an academic environment. And through our survey and these workshops, we havegained additional insights on how a library can be a natural learning space for fostering digital academic skills. We will in ourtalk highlight some of the achievements, and also briefly discuss some of the challenges for the future.

The fossils of the Lebanese Upper Cretaceous Lagerstätten, especially the articulated fish, are world renowned. Famous for their soft tissue preservation and highly sought after by fossil collectors, Lebanese fossils provide key information concerning the evolution of several major extant and extinct groups of Mesozoic organisms including cephalopods, crustaceans, hagfish, sharks, marine reptiles and pterosaurs. In fact, fossils from Lebanon are so exceptional that historical documentation describing them extends back to the Roman Empire. However, despite over 1600 years of knowledge of these fossils, a thorough understanding of the depositional environments, taphonomy and palaeoecology of the four main sites, Haqel, Hjoula, Nammoura (each Cenomanian in age) and Sahel Aalma (Santonian), is lacking. Here we compile a review of the palaeoenvironments, fauna and flora of these four Lebanese Lagerstätten. Our synthesis outlines the history of fossil discovery, and describes the current understanding of the geology, ages, mode of preservation and organisms found at these four sites. We also undertake a bibliometric and holotype analysis to investigate the impact that scientific colonialism has had on Lebanon. Our data confirm that local Lebanese researchers are typically not included in publications pertaining to Lebanese fossils and that the majority of Lebanese type material is stored in large historical collections outside Lebanon, predominantly in institutions within the northern hemisphere. Here, we recommend some basic practices for researchers utilizing historical collections that can help develop local Lebanese fossil collections and establish more research opportunities for local palaeontologists.

Biblioteken vid de svenska universiteten och högskolorna representerar ett lika mångskiftande och brett spektrum som lärosätena själva. Ett bibliotek vid ett traditionsrikt bredduniversitet skiljer sig på många sätt från biblioteket vid en specialiserad högskola. Men dessa skillnader till trots är det samma behov av stöd i kärnverksamheterna som biblioteken arbetar med att bemöta. I Stöd för forskning och utbildning: lärosätesbiblioteken i Sverige samlas texter som beskriver både skillnaden mellan olika lärosätesbibliotek och de gemensamma utmaningar som biblioteken möter, inte minst genom de förändringar som digitaliseringen och omställningen till öppen vetenskap medför för forskning och högre utbildning. Även frågor om hur lärosätenas bibliotek ingår i det allmänna biblioteksväsendet tillsammans med folk-, skol- och specialbibliotek tas upp i antologin. Författarna representerar en bred erfarenhet av verksamheten vid lärosätesbibliotek, både i roller som personal och ledning vid biblioteken och som användare i form av forskare.

In this talk we highlight some results after the Swedish Bibsam consortium decided to cancel the agreement with scientific publisher Elsevier after 20 years as they couldn’t present a model that met the demands of the consortium.

The requirements were immediate open access to all articles published in Elsevier journals by researchers affiliated to participating organisations as well as reading access to all articles in Elsevier’s journals. Bibsam also demanded a sustainable price model that enables a transition to open access publishing. We investigate the effects of this cancellation on Sweden’s largest technical university, the KTH Royal Institute of Technology.

Method

The study has two themes. First, we analyse the economics in earlier Bibsam-Elsevier agreements and what effects they have had for the budget and purchasing decisions made by the KTH Library. Second, we evaluate the response and the adapted behaviour of KTH researchers in the attempt to see if the cancellation has had severe negative effects for them.

Results

Our data collection gives an overview over the effects of the cancelled agreement at KTH. In particular, we observe how some of the money saved on the cancellation is used for individual article purchases and alternative services, thus lowering the effect of the cut-off. During our talk, we will also review some marketing strategies employed at KTH and Swedish libraries for making this cancellation process as smooth as possible.

Limitations

The short time period that has elapsed after the cancellation makes it difficult to see any long-time trends. The limited time frame also affects the validity of the researchers’ responses. Moreover, it is difficult to tell how the results from a case study from one university can be generalised to a global setting.

In this talk we highlight some results after the Swedish Bibsam consortium decided to cancel the agreement with scientific publisher Elsevier after 20 years as they couldn’t present a model that met the demands of the consortium.

The requirements were immediate open access to all articles published in Elsevier journals by researchers affiliated to participating organisations as well as reading access to all articles in Elsevier’s journals. Bibsam also demanded a sustainable price model that enables a transition to open access publishing. We investigate the effects of this cancellation on Sweden’s largest technical university, the KTH Royal Institute of Technology.

Method

The study has two themes. First, we analyse the economics in earlier Bibsam-Elsevier agreements and what effects they have had for the budget and purchasing decisions made by the KTH Library. Second, we evaluate the response and the adapted behaviour of KTH researchers in the attempt to see if the cancellation has had severe negative effects for them.

Results

Our data collection gives an overview over the effects of the cancelled agreement at KTH. In particular, we observe how some of the money saved on the cancellation is used for individual article purchases and alternative services, thus lowering the effect of the cut-off. During our talk, we will also review some marketing strategies employed at KTH and Swedish libraries for making this cancellation process as smooth as possible.

Limitations

The short time period that has elapsed after the cancellation makes it difficult to see any long-time trends. The limited time frame also affects the validity of the researchers’ responses. Moreover, it is difficult to tell how the results from a case study from one university can be generalised to a global setting.

n this talk we highlight some results after the Swedish Bibsam consortium decided to cancel the agreement with scientific publisher Elsevier after 20 years as they couldn’t present a model that met the demands of the consortium.

The requirements were immediate open access to all articles published in Elsevier journals by researchers affiliated to participating organisations as well as reading access to all articles in Elsevier’s journals. Bibsam also demanded a sustainable price model that enables a transition to open access publishing. We investigate the effects of this cancellation on Sweden’s largest technical university, the KTH Royal Institute of Technology.

Method

The study has two themes. First, we analyse the economics in earlier Bibsam-Elsevier agreements and what effects they have had for the budget and purchasing decisions made by the KTH Library. Second, we evaluate the response and the adapted behaviour of KTH researchers in the attempt to see if the cancellation has had severe negative effects for them.

Results

Our data collection gives an overview over the effects of the cancelled agreement at KTH. In particular, we observe how some of the money saved on the cancellation is used for individual article purchases and alternative services, thus lowering the effect of the cut-off.  During our talk, we will also review some marketing strategies employed at KTH and Swedish libraries for making this cancellation process as smooth as possible.

Limitations

The short time period that has elapsed after the cancellation makes it difficult to see any long-time trends. The limited time frame also affects the validity of the researchers’ responses. Moreover, it is difficult to tell how the results from a case study from one university can be generalised to a global setting.

This study is a quantitative analysis of place names and archaeological remains in Southern Ångermanland, aiming to understand their historical and geographical connections. The work integrates toponymy, archaeology, and statistics to analyze the suffixes of place names and their associations with ancient remains. Through advanced tools like Python, Google Colab, and QGIS, data has been extracted, cleaned, and analyzed. The study is based on a post-positivist methodology that combines qualitative and quantitative approaches. The results indicate potential patterns between place names and archaeological sites, as well as the significance of various place name suffixes in the landscape. The analysis concludes with suggestions for further research and expansion of the dataset.

I delrapport 1 konstaterar vi att R&P-avtalen leder till att den ökade OA-publiceringen är billigare än om tidigare avtalsmodell varit kvar. Samtidigt ökar kostnaderna för dessa avtal. Det kan vid första anblick framstå som motsägelsefullt, men i takt med att OA-publicering uppmuntras genom att dessa kostnader täcks av biblioteket ökar även antalet OA-publiceringar, vilket i sin tur medför högre totala kostnader.

I delrapport 2 finner vi att KTH placerar sig i den lägre delen av intervallet för forskningstunga lärosäten vad gäller CAGOA-indikatorn för perioden 2015-2019, men under 2020 skedde en markant ökning. Andelen korresponderande författare på hela publikationsmängden är dock stabil mellan de båda perioderna. Det här indikerar att KTH:s betalningsriktlinjer inte har påverkat andelen korresponderande författare från KTH utifrån hela publikationsmängden, men fler korresponderande författare från KTH använder möjligheten till OA.

I delrapport 3 kommer vi fram till att takade avtal är riskabla då det kan fördyra publiceringskostnaderna kraftigt. Om det ingår bör den prognosticerade maxmängden av publiceringar åtminstone matcha den mängd publiceringar som tidigare erhållits. Vi beräknar att det takade avtalet med Wiley innebar att KTH under 2020 betalade betydligt mer per publicering än de lärosäten som hann publicera mer inom taket. 

I delrapport 4 fastslår vi att KTH:s OA-publicering hos MDPI har femdubblats från 2017 till 2020. Tiden mellan inskickning (submission) och accepterande (acceptance) är dock relativt kort - ofta omkring en månad. Det indikerar eventuellt en stressad peer-review process som det kan finnas skäl att granska mer noggrant.

Current environmental changes may increase temporal variability of life history traits of species thus affecting their long-term population growth rate and extinction risk. If there is a general relationship between environmental variances (EVs) and mean annual survival rates of species, that relationship could be used as a guideline for analyses of population growth and extinction risk for populations, where data on EVs are missing. For this purpose, we present a comprehensive compilation of 252 EV estimates from 89 species belonging to five vertebrate taxa (birds, mammals, reptiles, amphibians and fish) covering mean annual survival rates from 0.01 to 0.98. Since variances of survival rates are constrained by their means, particularly for low and high mean survival rates, we assessed whether any observed relationship persisted after applying two types of commonly used variance stabilizing transformations: relativized EVs (observed/mathematical maximum) and logit-scaled EVs. With raw EVs at the arithmetic scale, mean–variance relationships of annual survival rates were hump-shaped with small EVs at low and high mean survival rates and higher (and widely variable) EVs at intermediate mean survival rates. When mean annual survival rates were related to relativized EVs the hump-shaped pattern was less distinct than for raw EVs. When transforming EVs to logit scale the relationship between mean annual survival rates and EVs largely disappeared. The within-species juvenile-adult slopes were mainly positive at low (<0.5) and negative at high (>0.5) mean survival rates for raw and relativized variances while these patterns disappeared when EVs were logit transformed. Uncertainties in how to interpret the results of relativized and logit-scaled EVs, and the observed high variation in EV's for similar mean annual survival rates illustrates that extrapolations of observed EVs and tests of life history drivers of survival–EV relationships need to also acknowledge the large variation in these parameters.

The purpose of this study is to find a theoretically grounded, practically applicable and useful granularity level of an algorithmically constructed publication-level classification of research publications (ACPLC). The level addressed is the level of research topics. The methodology we propose uses synthesis papers and their reference articles to construct a baseline classification. A dataset of about 31 million publications, and their mutual citations relations, is used to obtain several ACPLCs of different granularity. Each ACPLC is compared to the baseline classification and the best performing ACPLC is identified. The results of two case studies show that the topics of the cases are closely associated with different classes of the identified ACPLC, and that these classes tend to treat only one topic. Further, the class size variation is moderate, and only a small proportion of the publications belong to very small classes. For these reasons, we conclude that the proposed methodology is suitable to determine the topic granularity level of an ACPLC and that the ACPLC identified by this methodology is useful for bibliometric analyses. 

While normalized bibliometric indicators are expected to resolve the subject-field differences between organizations in research evaluations, size still matters. Furthermore, research organizations, policymakers and research funding providers tend to use benchmark units as points of comparison for a given research center in order to understand and monitor its development and performance. In addition to monitoring and evaluations, the identification of comparable benchmark organizations can also be used to pinpoint potential collaboration partners or competitors. Therefore, methods to identify benchmark research units are of practical significance. However, few studies have investigated this problem. This study aims to propose a bibliometric method to identify benchmarks. We define a benchmark as a well-connected research environment, in which researchers work on similar topics and publish a similar number of publications compared to a given research center during the same period. Three essential attributes for the evaluation of benchmarks are research topics, output, and coherence. We apply this strategy to a Swedish research center, and examine the effectiveness of the method.

While normalized bibliometric indicators are expected to resolve the subject-field differences between organizations in research evaluations, the identification of reference organizations working on similar researchtopics is still of importance. Research organizations, policymakers and research funders tend to use benchmark units as points of comparison for a certain research unit in order to understand and monitor its development and performance. In addition, benchmarkorganizations can also be used to pinpoint potential collaboration partners or competitors. Therefore, methods for identifying benchmark research units are of practical significance. Even so, few studies have further explored this problem. This study aims to propose a bibliometric approach for the identification of benchmark units. We define an appropriate benchmark as a well-connected research environment, in which researchers investigate similar topics and publish a similar number of publications compared to a given research organization during the same period. Four essential attributes for the evaluation of benchmarks are research topics, output, connectedness, and scientific impact. We apply this strategy to two research organizations in Sweden and examine the effectiveness of the proposed method. Identified benchmark units are evaluated by examining the research similarity and the robustness of various measures of connectivity.

This paper argues that, contrary to the beliefs of many, the amount of mathematics information available for African researchers, including electronic scientific journals and databases, is indeed substantial. However, whereas information resources are served on a silver platter at the "northern" universities, researchers at universities in developing countries have to work hard for their treats. The scientific information available for low-income countries is scattered among a large number of providers, websites, access methods, price models, and country- or institution-specific programmes. It is therefore quite hard for individual researchers to see the whole picture and establish what actually is available and what is not. This paper presents a number of key information sources for mathematics. Some are aimed primarily at disciplines other than mathematics but nevertheless contain extremely important and high-ranking mathematics journals. Brief instructions are also given on how to register for and maintain access to various relevant and useful resources.

This study aims to compare the characteristics of citation disciplinary structure between the G7 countries and the BRICS countries. In this contribution, which uses about 1 million Web of Science publications and two publications years (1993 and 2013), we compare the G7 countries and the BRICS countries with regard to this type of structure. For the publication year 2013, cosine similarity values regarding the citation disciplinary structures of these countries (and of nine other countries) were used as input to cluster analysis. We also obtained cosine similarity values for a given country and its citation disciplinary structures across the two publication years. Moreover, for the publication year 2013, the within-country Jeffreys-Matusita distance between publication and citation disciplinary structure was measured. First, the citation disciplinary structures of countries depend on multiple and complex factors. It is therefore difficult to completely explain the formation and change of the citation disciplinary structure of a country. This study suggests some possible causes, whereas detailed explanations might be given by future research. Second, the length of the citation window used in this study is three years. However, scientific disciplines differ in their citation practices. Comparison between citations across disciplines using the same citation window length may affect the citation discipline structure results for some countries. First, the results of this study are based on the WoS database. However, in this database some fields are covered to a greater extent than others, which may affect the results for the citation discipline structure for some studied countries. In future research, we might repeat this study using another database (like Scopus) and, in that case, we would like to make comparisons between the two outcomes. Second, the use of a constant journal set yielded that a large share of the journals covered by WoS year 2013 is ignored in the study. Thus, disciplinary structure is studied based on a quite restricted set of publications. The three mentioned limitations should be kept in mind when the results of this study are interpreted. Disciplinary structure on country level is a highlighted topic for the S&T policy makers, especially for those come from developing countries. This study observes the disciplinary structure in the view of academic impact, and the result will provide some evidence to make decision for the discipline strategy and funding allocation. Besides, Jeffreys-Matusita distance is introduced to measure the similarity of citation disciplinary structure and publication disciplinary structure. By applying this measure, some new observations were drawn, for example, "Based on the comparison of publication disciplinary structure and citation disciplinary structure, the paper finds most BRICS counties have less impact with more publications". The outcome of the cluster analysis indicates that the G7 countries and BRICS countries are quite heterogeneous regarding their citation disciplinary structure. For a majority of the G7 countries, the citation disciplinary structure tend to be more stable compared to BRICS countries with regard to the years 1993 and 2013. Most G7 countries, with United States as an exception, turned out to have lower values on the Jeffreys-Matusita distance than BRICS countries, indicating a higher degree of heterogeneity between the publication and the citation disciplinary structure for the latter countries. In other words, BRICS countries still receive much less citations in most disciplines than their publication output would suggest. G7 countries can still expect more citations than is to be expected based on their publication output, thereby generating relatively more impact than BRICS countries.

The exhibition Space Waves and a Tale presented parts of Alfvén's extensive research, his community engagement and last but not least, his fictional story The tale of the great computing machine from 1966.  In 1970 KTH professor Hannes Alfvén (1908 – 1995) was awarded the Nobel Prize in physics for his discoveries and applications in plasma physics. The exhibition Space Waves and a Tale presented parts of Alfvén's extensive research, his community engagement and his fictional story The tale of the great computing machine from 1966.

Alfvén's research allow us to explore all corners of the universe – from the auroras on earth to the auroras on other planets, from solar wind to stellar wind, from plasma phenomena in the laboratory to astrophysical plasma phenomena in ours and other galaxies.

The tale of the great computing machine is a satirical tale that tells the story of a future society controlled by computers and is also the source of inspiration for an opera with the same name.

As part of the exhibition Space Waves and a Tale visitors were invited to share their visions of how future technology will shape our lives and societies. Two students from the KTH School of Architecture have contributed to the exhibition by designing and building a flexible and sustainable exhibition module. Students from BOOMERANG REXUS participated with objects related to aerospace research.

Space Waves and a Tale was produced by the project group for KTH 200 years anniversary celebration together with KTH Library, The Opera: The Tale of the Great Computing Machine, the Division of Space and Plasma Physics and the KTH School of Architecture.

In connection with the exhibithion there was a book discussion, popular science lecture and a class visit.

Energy Crisis! Electricity Price drama! The threat of global energy poverty! Media are generous with spectacular titles. Yes, energy is important, and yes, nearly all societal challenges are connected to how we convert, distribute and use energy. Therefore, the KTH Energy Platform and KTH Library presented an exhibition with the theme Towards the energy of the future – the invisible revolution behind the electrical socket.

The exhibition displayed showcase illustrations from the book made by Lotta Waesterberg Tomasson, as well as books related to energy and electricity from the KTH Library's collections. In parallell with the exhibition, a series of live popular science lunch seminars with presentations of selected chapters of the book took place. As part of the exhibition, students from KTH's Electrical Engineering program also showcased exciting projects that connect to the anthology’s contents, made with materials and equipment from the student-driven ELAB and “Studentverkstan”. Visitors were also invited to share their reflections and ideas on energy. 

The world faces significant challenges, and research is essential in finding solutions. One obstacle is that much of the research results and data are locked behind paywalls or otherwise hidden, and not accessible to a broader audience. Who knows what advancements and groundbreaking discoveries we are missing due to this confinement? The goal should be to make as much research data and results as open and available as possible. The question is: how do we get there?

Openness is crucial for addressing today’s major issues, such as the climate crisis, and is about global justice. A recent example of what shared and accessible data can contribute to is the rapid development of new vaccines during the COVID-19 pandemic. What other challenges can we solve together with the help of open and accessible research data? Do we need to fear an unFAIR world?